Case Study For Soil Environmental Quality Assessment And Contaminating Projection

Soil is not only the vital natural resource but also a very important environmental part for human race. It's quality has an direct relationship to the agricultural product safety, it has profound impacts to our health as well. In recent years, with the development of modern chemical industry and agriculture, the soil situation is getting worse. Soil pollution is the main factor of the soil degradation .The whole world is now suffering from it, China cannot avoid it either. Health of the entire human race is also seriously threatened. In the meantime ,China is lack of soil resource , the problems which we are facing , such as population ,food supply, ecology environment are more serious than most other countries in the world. In order to protect the soil environment, keep our economy on sustainable developing way, our research on heavy metal pollution will be very necessary and important.This paper systematically describes the research status quo on soil heavy metal pollution, pointing that the purpose of this research is to explore and discover some important issues in heavy metal pollution field. It brings forward an idea that there is no positive correlation among soil environment itself, pollution extent and heavy metal content, which is very meaningful to prevention and cure on soil pollution.This paper starts from the relationship between human race and soil environment, mainly focus on latter points: soil chemical property impacts on soil environment quality, soil element background value, soil environment capacity and research on heavy metal pollution element .Meanwhile, this article introduces the influences that soil trace elements act on crops and human bodies. Some trace elements which we have researched and known are playing a very important role now. Some elements are very useful to the growth of the crops and the health of the human body. But some of them pollute the soil and harm people's health indirectly. It also points out that the soil trace element's profit and harmfulness are relative. In other words, in a certain range, they are beneficial. But the opposite if over-ranged. Taking heavy metal element T1 as an example, We should also study some heavy elements which people don't pay much attention to, they may be good or bad for people's health.This research mainly focuses on assessing the soil environment quality, discusses the situation of the soil pollution of the research area and organic food area zoning, and forecasts the soil environment quality. The assessment of the soil environment quality should orient toward the specific land function to confirm the evaluation criteria."Soil environmental Quality Specification"can be taken as the evaluation criteria for the projects which have standard to follow. For those projects which don't have standards to follow ,"Soil environment background value can take on this role."Environmental-technical conditions for green production area"(NY/T391-2000) can be chosen as the evaluation criteria for organic area. This article introduces the method to evaluate the heavy metal pollution, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages for all these methods. The purpose of this research is to start from discussing the influences which geological environment and man-made interference impact on soil environment quality, adopting geological accumulation exponential method and the synthesis pollution exponential method together to evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution. Simultaneously, the soil fertility evaluation is used to evaluate the areas which suit the organic food. According to the evaluation result and the characteristic that the pollutant enter into the soil, using mathematical model, we can forecast the trend of the environment quality and the soil environment quality in the future. Mainly considered several factors that include the input amount of the soil heavy metal pollutant, the remains rate of the soil pollutant and the environment quality standard(i.e. soil pollutant content marginal value), after mathematics operation, the cumulant of the soil environment capacity and the soil pollutant can be concluded. Also as to reflect the soul pollution degree and the time of the serious soil pollution. Based on all the information above , we can forecast the pollution effect to the soil after the projects'operation.This paper chooses mid-west JiLin Province as the research area, including Changchun, Jilin, Siping, Songyuan, Baicheng, Liaoyuan 6cities and other 19 towns. The total area is about 954320km2 , half arid and half humid monsoon climate. This area consists largely of forest, agricultural land and prairie. Geomorphologic effect of neotectonism is very obvious and it is an important factor that affects regional geology environment evolvement. It controls the distribution of the parent soil and the type of agricultural landform. The distribution of vegetation appears the belt-shaped alternation from east to west. According to"People's Republic of China National standards"Soil environment Quality specification", the assessment of soil environment quality should base on the soil application function, the protected object and the major soil property. Jilin Province is a big agricultural province. The conclusion of the soil heavy metal pollution is as follow: In Midwest Jilin Province , the overall pollution extent is very low and the soil quality is good. In the mid-east urban area, suburb area , railroad and high way around, the heavy pollutant degree is high because of intense human activity. With the unusual geological environment, heavy metal element original value in part of the mid-eastern area is higher than the background value. While, heavy metal element content is lower than the background value in part of the western area. The evaluation of the green food area: In general , the quality of the land in this area is fine, mainly consist of fertile land . They are majorly distributed over black earth region of the middle and east area and which major types are brown earth, dark brown earth, white bentonite, black earth, chestnut soil and paddy soil. It is very suitable to develop green agriculture. The black calcium earth is the mail cultivated soil of the western area , it falls into the category of low output species, it should be the priority of being improved in low-yielding land soil fertility. The sand soil has the worst fertility and falls into ecology frail area., its soil degradation is very serious and now distributed over Tongyu, Taonan, Changling and Shuangliao.The soil environment quality can be forecasted basing on the evaluation result. The research shows: The soil heavy metal pollutant's annual cumulant is lower than the region background value, it is also far lower than the pollutant environment quality standard. It indicates that the soil environment capacity of mid-west Jilin Province is big and the overall environment is suitable for human living and economic growth. However, the heavy metal element content is high in part of the area, which causes the soil environment capacity in this region becomes smaller. In the meantime, the frequent human activity causes the atmospheric subsidence to input more heavy metal pollutant content to the soil and reduces the soil environment capacity in this region. Therefore, the degree of the pollution in this region is high and the trend is getting higher every year. Simultaneously, the nutritive element input to the soil is not enough, it has a negative effect on land's fertility. At last, based on the situation that the overall soil environment of mid-west Jilin Province is good , partial area heavy metal element is out of ordinary, the research proposes: First , to set up different levels of green agricultural product base, developing green ecological agriculture and improve the rural economy. Second, to govern the soil environment quality in heavy metal element unusual area, improve the management and supervision. Regarding the industry, high technology , clean production , reduction of the emission and coal-burning gas must be emphasized. For agriculture,, while the management methods are taken, the use of the microbial pesticide and the organic chemical fertilizer should also be developed; In terms of city, public environmental consciousness should be heightened. , the appropriate method should be acted according to the circumstance in order to increase the soil environment capacity and reduces the heavy metal pollution element content of soil from the atmospheric subsidence. The purpose of the soil pollution degree reduction can be achieved .In the western soil degradation area, we also should act according to its special circumstance.. For instance , measures such as forest planting and railing to raise animals and so on.. Also, managing the agricultural cultivation, raise soil fertility, and reducing hazards of the sandstorm are the effective measures, which can help people to attain the goal of surviving.The soil pollution is caused by combination effect from global change and human society. Soil is the vital resource for human living, it is the fundament for human's development. How to coordinate the relationship among living condition, production and soil environment is the key to the problem. Taking soil as an important element into economic growth of human society, using it reasonably , achieve the goal to keep the sustainable development of human society.