The Ecological Thought Of Marx And Engels And Its Enlightment

With the ecological problems becoming increasingly serious, more and more ecological studies on the relationship between man and nature have appeared, which are trying to give an answer to the ecological problems. Therefore, the ecological thought of Marx and Engels has been paid much more attention and emphasis. Although in their deep thought Marx and Engels can not give a conscious and systematic theory on the ecological problems, they scientifically point out the relationship between man and nature on the basis of the social practice and depict a harmonious ecological picture.The purpose of this paper is that on their historical and environmental conditions, we can better understand their basic views,basic theories,basic methods and basic principles, especially for the development of the ecological problems and the discussion on how to resolve such issues; and that we also can, comprehensively and systematically, comb and grasp the ecological thought of Marx and Engels with the dialectical materialism and historical materialism as a guide and with the social practice as a theoretical basis point.They maintain that the human beings should grasp the ecological and environmental problems only from the basic contradictions of the society and view the nature--human beings--the society as a unified organism, and that social development can not be set aside to simply understand and resolve the relationship between the man and the nature in order that the human beings truly carry out the harmonious unification between the man and the nature.Through the deep analysis of the capitalist mode of production, Marx and Engels reveal the social roots of the ecological crisis and ask people themselves to view the position in the nature in a correct way; they also found that the development of capitalism leed to the disharmony between human beings and the disharmony between human beings and the ecological environment. When Marx and Engles critisize capitalism and foresee the good future, they naturally consider "the reconciliation between human and nature, and their own reconciliation between human beings" as the maximum and optimum assessment objective in coping with the relationship between the nature and human beings,the society.Marx and Engels'ecological thought has a great theoretical and practical value upon the critical reflect on the contemporary ecological and environmental problems. Their thought has an important theoretical significance for resolving the ecological problems and pointing out the way out of crisis. At the same time, the great value and the practical significance can not be ignored in solving out the ecological problems today and for building the socialism with Chinese characteristics.