Nano-Modified Investigation And Application Of Polyurethane Elastomer Air-Leak Sealants For Coal Mine

Air leak underground mine is a serious hazard for the ventilation, causing gas and fire accidents and threatening the production safety. Aiming at current situation of mine sealing materials, nano-SiO₂ and nano-TiO₂ particles were used to modify polyurethane material to obtain excellent mechanical properties and good flame-retardant performance, which can be used as a new-type sealing material.In this paper, polyglycol ether, a diethylene glycol, toluene diisocyanate, Moka, triethanolamine, o-phthalic acid dioctyl ester, and the flame retardant, antistatic agent were used to synthesize polyurethane elastomer, and the selection of Nano-SiO₂ and Nano-TiO₂ were employed to enhance the properties of elastomer. The altering of the surface character of promoted the dispersion of Nano-SiO₂ and Nano-TiO₂. The modified PUE was characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, crystal structure and thermal stability by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Its mechanical properties and flame-retardant performance were also tested. The results showed that the modified PUE nanocomposites were antistatic and flame-retardant with super mechanical properties. The modified PUE was applied to the high-caved area in coal roadway and showed super air-leak sealing effect.The XRD and SEM showed that Nano-SiO₂ and Nano-TiO₂ particles were evenly distributed in the polyurethane elastomer matrix, showing the good compatibility between matrix and nanometer materials. The test results indicated that the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of new mine nano-modified polyurethane material were more excellent than the unmodified one. Composite materials have the best properties when Nano-SiO₂ content was 1% and Nano-TiO₂ content was 2%.Nano-modified PUE as a new-type sealant was applied to the mine, showing a good sealing effect, few air leakage and the safety problems in mine, and promoting production safety in coal mine.