Research On Crowd Evacuation Of Emergency Signs

Emergency signs are an important part of the public safety facilities. They have been asked to set in some large-scale places, such as, intensive public buildings, medium and large restaurant, high-rise public buildings, underground buildings, and other high-risk plant. With the development of the society, there are more and more crowd activities. And human gives his attention to the effect of emergency signs icreasingly. Apparently, the urgent affairs are evacuating the crowd pedestrians after emergent things. However, there is an important effect of emergency signs to crowd evacuation. Emergency signs can not only provide guidance for the pedestrians, but also reduce loss of life.Foreign scholars have done some research on emergency signs by technology. These approaches can be divided into two categories. The first is is experimentation, which investigates the evacuation by real people in real scene. The other is emulation mode, which establishes mathematical models or computer simulation to study the emergency signs. Compared to the foreign scholars focusing on theory and method, domestic researchers are favourite to the standard of the emergency signs'setting. In conclusion, it is an pilot study to the optimization of the emergency sign.Emergency signs are widely used in architectural design and regional security planning. Firstly, a cellular automata based on markovian processes (CAMP) model was proposed. After comparison and analysis of the simulation results by CAMP model and an extended lattice gas model (Motonari Isobe et al.), it is argued that the simulation of CAMP model is closer to the experiments of people than Motonari Isobe et al.'s model.Then, many other simulations of crowd evacuation of different number of emergency signs and different number of evacuates were made based on CAMP model. It is pointed out that there is a knee point of the numbers of emergency signs for the same evacuation environment, and the point isn't effected by the numbers of evacuates.The results of our study will be helpful to research the layout of the emergency signs in high-density large architectural space. After the emergency event, pedestrians can evacuate effectively with the help of emergency signs.