The Ecological Restoration Assessment Of Sandy Land Ecosystem

It was an important problem in ecology and environment frontiers that ecosystem crashed and ecosystem services severely degraded which were caused by desertification. It was great significant to restorat sandy land ecosystem for the sustainable development of modern human society. Ecological restoration assessment was an important component of ecological restoration to measure, inspect, and summarize the effects and methods of restoration.Because of the Long-term use and development unreasonably, nowadays, the area of mobile sand increased, biodiversity decreased, groundwater resource reduced seriously in this area. It was influence and importance for Maowusu sandy to the ecological safety of North China. Half-century ago, Maowusu sandy land had been become one of the best, the most comprehensive, the most system of ecological restoration area in China. This article was located at the Wushenzhao town in wushenqi country in the hinterland of Maowusu sandy land. Through field investigation, indoor analysis, "3S" technology application, the different recovery period, different recovery measures, as well as landscape-scale effect of ecological restoration were evaluated from aspects including plant communitie characteristics (species composition, biomass, coverage, density, biodiversity), soil characteristics (soil nutrient, soil microorganism, soil microorganism respiration). The results were shown as followings:1) With the increase of cultivation years, the biomass of timber forest increased. The biomass, coverage, and individual density of aerial seeding community increased. The biomass of semi-fixed Artemisia.ordosica are biggest and the coverage and individual density of artificial cultivation community were highest. The annual and biennial plants mostly dominanted in the herb layer of communities. With the increase of cultivated years, the diversity of herb layer increased. The species richness and diversity of the herb layer in contrast sand were lower than communities. the soil nutrient and microbial number of poplar community increased and salix forest was contrary to it. The above values of aerial seeding community also increased and the SOC, TN, MBC of Caragana. intermedia communities first decreased and then increased, but were significantly higher than the natural community. The SOC, TN, MBC of fixed sand Artemisia.ordosica community were higher than the semi-fixed sandy land community.2) With the increase of cultivation years, the integrated ecological effects of the same community type increased and the values of aerial seeding community types were lowest.3) Since 1986, the patch number and area of artificial vegetation improved significant and the complexity of vegetation types and the largest patch index increased expect Caragana.intermedia patch. The patch aera of farmland, swale, water bodies, saline and alkaline land and moving dune reduced and the area of industrial mines use increased. The vegetation coverage increased, the mobile sand area decreased, and the landscape heterogeneity and the degree of fragmentation increased.The study contributed to a comprehensive understanding the effects of a variety of ecological restoration measures in Maowusu Sandy Land combined with changes in landscape composition and pattern analysis. It would be used to scientifically evaluate the efficiency of ecological restoration in sandy land ecosystem.