| Since the preparation of the first organic azide, phenyl azide, by Peter Grieβin 1864, these flexible compounds have enjoyed considerable interest at their properties, synthesis, reactions and applications. Organic azides based reaction are interesting by virtue of their versatile, and they can react very differently under different reaction conditions. There can be retention of the azide unit, but also cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen single bond, as in the case of nitrene chemistry. They can react with electrophiles and nucleophiles. It mainly consists of the following three parts:1. In this part, reactions and applications of organic azides are summarized. These reactions are summarized according to different reaction types, viz., nucleophilic reaction, electrophilic reaction, N carbene chemistry and others. Among them, the investigation progress of Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction is introduced as a key point.2. The investigation progress of Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by copper salts is summarized. In 1993, Miura etc. reported for the first time the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by copper salts without Pd, since then, more and more reports were about the coupling reaction catalyzed by copper salts. Comparing with Pd catalyst, copper catalyst is not only cheap and easy to get, but also environmentally friendly, having clear superiority.3. We have presented the details of the tandem synthesis of [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-α] isoquinolines involving the coupling reaction catalyzed by copper and the [3+2] cycloaddition. These products favored expulsion of N2 in refluxed acetic acid to form 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines. The structures of products further confirmed by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR spectras and elemental analysis. In addition, on the basis of deuterium labeling experiments and references reported, a possible reaction mechanism for the reaction process is proposed.
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