Study On The Migration Of Lead And Copper And Influencing Factors Of Copper Fractionation By Land Use Of Lake Sediments

With the development of the agriculture and industry, lot of pollutants drain into the rivers, lakes and seas. The pollutants in the water and sediments become more and more and the pollution degree of the sediments become increasingly severe. The natural resources are consumed swiftly because of population growth, so the technology of reuse of waste is being attached more importance by many countries. The best way to the environment is land use and used for plant nutrition. Lake sediments contains a lot of heavy metals except nutrient elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are easy to pollute the soil, water, plants and animals. According to these, this paper key researched lead and copper. Lead is the heavy metal which is absorbed and accumulated easily by plants and animals. Copper is nutritious element that is needed by the grow of plants, but is also poisonous to the plants if it is too much in the soils. The chemical forms of the heavy metal elements is of importance to their availability for the plants, so to research the chemical forms of the heavy metal elements is needed. Use some measures to adjust the environmental conditions to control the availability of the heavy metal elements is worthy to research when the sediments is used as resources. So it is also significant to research the reasons that effect the chemical forms distributions of the heavy metal elements.This paper not only discussed the lead and copper fractionation in the soil and the enrichment of organs in winter wheat by the land use of lake sediments by the field planting, but also discussed the effects of texture, pH, C/N, organic and water to the copper fractionation in the soil.By the field experiment, the concentration of the exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to Iron and Manganese, bound to organic matter, residue of the lead and copper increased in the soil with the increase of the lake sediments application rate after the wheat is planted and reaped. The accumulation sequence of heavy metals in the wheat is root> stem and Leaf>grain. The lead and copper content in grain is not exceeded hygienic standard of limited quantity for heavy metal of Chinese. The accumulation sequence of heavy metals in the organs is copper>lead. What is more, the enrichment coefficient of lead in wheat presented a gradually decreasing trend as well as the enrichment coefficient of copper in wheat presented a gradually increasing tendency. With the increase of the amount of the lake sediments, the trend of winter wheat yield and above-ground biomass is first increased and then decrease. At last, the application amount of environmental safety of lake sediments is 3051.29t/hm2.By the plot experiments, the concentration of the exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to Iron and Manganese, bound to organic matter, residue of the copper increased in the soil with the increase of the lake sediments application rate after the wheat is planted and reaped. The contents of copper in different organs is root> stem and Leaf>grain, and the contents increased with the increase of the amount of the lake sediments. However, the copper content in grain is not exceeded hygienic standard of limited quantity for heavy metal of Chinese. The concentration of the exchangeable is decreased when texture is clay, pH is high, C/N is high, organic is high and water is low. When texture is loam, pH is 7.80, C/N is 25:1, organic is high and water is high, the grain yield and the biomass of winter wheat are the highest.