Study On Motion Theory Of Two-phase Flows In Shaking Ladle

Shaking ladle is also called shaking furnace, the equipment is used to process metal liquid in metallurgy industry. In ferroalloy production, shaking ladle can improve the dynamic conditions for mixture, increasing the reaction interface, speed up the diffusion process and shorten the reaction time.Producing the medium carbon ferromanganese and medium carbon ferrochromium by shaking ladle is economic, also could lift the quality of products and the recovery rate of manganese and chromium. But because the shaking ladle is too big and nontransparent and has high temperature, it is hard to know the motion law of liquid in ladle. In practice, the workers, only rely on the practical experience; have to try for many times to make use of the ladle efficiently. In view of the problem, we simulate the motion on little shaking ladle model with transparent ladle model. By this way, actual interaction of two-phase liquid could be simulated; also we could clearly observe and record the movement of liquid in shaking ladle. In this paper, the research focuses on the flowing aspects based on the movement of two-phase liquid interface.First of all, the influencing factors of the liquid movement were analyzed. The main influencing factors include eccentricity, rotational speed, liquid level, the liquid proportion and diameter of shaking ladle. The primary and secondary influencing factors are found by orthogonal experimental design. The results show that rotational speed is the most important factor to fluid movement within the ladle, followed by eccentricity, while the liquid height and the liquid ratio is a secondary factor. The result of interaction experiment indicates that there is interaction between eccentricity and rotational speed, eccentricity and liquid level, rotational speed and liquid level.Several groups of experiment series, where only one factor is variable and others are fixed, were designed to discuss the effect of each factor on the liquid motion. Results show that: The amplitude of liquid interface in the shaking ladle will increase with increasing rotate speed; however, the amplitude tends to decrease when the rotate speed exceeds optimal value. The amplitude maximum of liquid interface will increase as increasing eccentricity. Amplitude variation is in proportion to liquid level. Besides, diameter of shaking ladle also affects the liquid movement. As the diameter is less than the optimal point, amplitude on liquid interface keeps increasing trend while the amplitude is in verse ratio of shaking ladle diameter when the diameter is excessive of the optimal value. Meanwhile, critical speed of sea spray state, which is the most important state in shaking ladle, is proportional to the eccentricity and the surface, and is inversely proportional to the ladle diameter.As the rotational speed increase, the liquid movement is classified to the following state: static state, oscillatory state, first lotus-leaf state, the sea spray state, inverted triangle state, second lotus-leaf state, and parabolic state. And analyze the changes between various states as well as the state diagram. The amplitude of oscillatory state was obtained by calculated and the stress of sea spray state was analyzed.The tracer particle was put to the two-phase interface, and the tracer particle tracking the planar movement of the interface. Results show that particle rotate around the center of shaking ladle as a big circular, meanwhile, the particle rotate around the vortex center as a small circular. The time that particle completes a small circular is just the cycle of shaking ladle.