Research On Ullmann Reactions Catalyzed By Cu(Ⅱ)

C-S, C-C and C-N bond have always been a vital part in many natural pharmaceticals, drug and electronical materials, and thus the synthesis method of C-S, C-C and C-N is critical due to its widely application in constructing a series of structural units in natural product, pharmaceticals, drugs for plants and material chemistry. Ullmann type reaction is an important way to form C-S, C-C, and C-N bond. Despite an inferior yield, this method requires a high temperature, an existance of alkali and an excess of catalysts. To overcome those disadvantages, our group explored a novel way as follows which can be conducted in mild condition with a more wide application of substrate generality.In the first chapter, a series of thiother derivatives have been synthesized by the coupling of aryl halides wih aryl or alkyl thiols under the assistance of Cu(OAc)2·H2O /2,2'-biimidazole. The catalysitic system shares a reputation for novelty, lower cost, lower reaction temperature and shorter reaction time.In the second chapter, a mild, simple and efficient way was developed to carry outα-aryl carbonyl compounds synthesis, which is applicable to a large variety of substrates with different functional groups. This simple active catalytic system represents the first report of C-C bond formation using Cu(OAc)2·H2O.In the third chapter, a series of N-aromatic heterocycle compounds have been synthesized by the reaction of aryl halides and nitrogen heterocycles by using Cu(acac)2/Ni. The method is proved to be novel with a comparable cost advantage in mild condition, and it also can be conducted without the protection of inert gas and applied to a wide substrates generality.