Preparation Of Sugar-based Carbon And Its Application Research

The research of carbon adsorbent attracts more and more attention in the researching field of carbon materials. Experiments show, the adsorption capacity of heavy metal and dyes in aqueous solution on the activated carbon prepared by different materials is good. Activated carbon is widely used as an effective adsorbent in the treatment of wastewater in environment industry, as well as in the treatment of removing heavy metal ions, pigment and pyrogen in the Chinese medicine injection in pharmaceutical industry. In this paper, a novel sugar-based carbon was prepared by the low cost and safe carbohydrates in a simple method, and the application of sugar-based carbon to heavy metal ions and dyes was studied. The content and results mainly include three parts as follows:1. As characterized with IR, XRD, BET, TG and SEM, the sugar-based carbon had an amorphous structure and the particles were of micrometer dimensions; The aromatic structure and a lots of activated–OH group were identified; the surface areas of sugar-based carbon were large in which the starch-based carbon was the largest.2. The starch-based carbon prepared was used as the adsorbent to the adsorption of Fe3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ in aqueous solutions. The adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the removal efficiency of metal ions at different conditions such as adsorbent dosage, pH value, contact time, temperature and initial metal concentrations. The experiment showed that the starch-based carbon had a good capacity for removing Fe3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. The adsorption isotherms were evaluated with Langmuir and Freundlich equations and results showed Langmuir was fitted better, which indicated the adsorption was single molecule adsorption; the kinetic data of the adsorption can be fitted with the pseudo-second order model; and the thermodynamic study showed the process of adsorption was spontaneous.3. The adsorption of acid fuchsin and methylene blue on sugar-based carbon as adsorbent studied, the adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the removal efficiency of dyes at different conditions such as adsorbent dosage, pH value, contact time, temperature and initial dyesl concentrations. Results showed the removal of acid fuchsin and methylene blue achieved 97.83 % and 99.93 % when the adsorbent dosage was 0.2 g and 0.15 g respectively; the effect of removal capacity was affected intensively by pH because the different character of the dyes; the adsorption equilibrium time of acid fuchsin and mathylene blue was 90 min and 30 min respectively; it is suggested that the adsorption was consistent with pseudo-second order model; the thermodynamic study showed that higher temperature was beneficial to the adsorption process and the process of adsorption was spontaneous. The Langmuir isotherms was reasonable to describe the adsorption behavior which indicated the adsorption was single molecule adsorption.