Monitoring Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution In Thirteen Cities Of Jiangsu By The Moss Haplocladium

Bryophytes are well known as susceptible indicators for monitoring air pollution for its simple structure and sensibility. Therefore, they are widely used to monitor environments in cities and the other places. As an economic-strong province, Jiangsu is developing rapidly. The situation of pollution, however, is becoming more and more serious,and the air quality is not optimistic .In aim at investigating how serious the air heavy metal pollution are in Jiangsu provincr, the author decided to use Haplocladium, a moss genus, to monitor six heavy metal elements, e.g. Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb, and Zn by ICP. At the same time, soil and Platanus bark are also monitored as contrast. Main results of this research are as below:(1)I monitored the heavy metal amount in Haplocladium and soil in all 13 cities and Platanus bark in some cities in Jiangsu province. Meawhile, significant differences was analyzed.(2)Tthe analysis data of ratio of heavy metal element concentration in Haplocladium and soil indicated that Haplocladium had strong accumulation ability to enrich Cd, Cu, and Zn, poor to enrich Cr and Ni, moderate ability to enrich Pb,. Besides, the ratio of heavy metal element concentration in Haplocladium and Platanus bark demonstrated that this moss had markedly higher accumulation ability than the platanus Platanus bark.(3)The correlation analysiss of the heavy metal contents among Haplocladium,soil, and Platanus bark indicated that significant correlation existed between Haplocladium and Platanus bark, Haplocladium, medium for moss vs soil, and weak for soil vs bark.(4)The correlation of the heavy metal'contents among Haplocladium,soil, and atmospheric deposition was also analyzed in the experiment of monitor atmospheric deposition. The results demostrated that element concentrations between Haplocladium and atmospheric deposition were significantly related, moderate for Haplocladium vs soil, poor for soil vs atmospheric deposition. These results prove the facts again that heavy metals in Haplocladium are mainly from atmosphere, partly monitoring from soil.(5)To find out the relationship of heavy metal elements among Haplocladium, soil, and Platanus bark, correlation analysis were carried out. It turns out that Pb and Cr contents in Haplocladium is significantly related, Significant correlation occurs between Pb and Cu contents in soil, as well as Zn and Pb contents in Platanus bark.(6)There are positive correlations between heavy metal contents in some mosses and elevation in this study in Wuqi mountain in Xiashu, Jurong.(7)The data of heavy metal amout and the location of the sites are maped with Kriging method by ArcGIS9.0 to get equivalent diagram of heavy metal pollution in Jiangsu province, which displays the pollution situation visually. Using GIS software is just an initial attempt in this thesis, however it is really a fantastic way to provide scientific materials for the government to carry out enrionment practice.Overall results indicated that all the cities were suffering air pollution in difference levels. At the same time, the results farther show that bryophyte is one kind of fine biomonitoring plants for its easy-get materials and low cost. There is no doubt that bryophyte monitoring will have a bright futher.