Preparation And Characterization Of Oxides (Hydroxides) Nanosmaterials

In this paper, cuboid-shaped ZnO with hierarchical structures, sphere-shaped ZnO microstructures, hexagon-likeβ-Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes and flower-likeβ-Ni(OH)2 microspheres were successfully prepared through a facile hydrothermal approach. The influence of fabrication conditions on the structure and morphology of ordered nanostuctures were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD,PL and UV-Vis spectrometer. The synthesis mechanism and experiment conditions were also studied. The results and conclusions are as followed:1. Cuboid-shaped ZnO with hierarchical structures were prepared by rection of Zn(NO3)2 and NaOH through a mixed surfactants mediated hydrothermal method at 100℃for 24h. The morphologies and the structures were characterized by SEM and TEM. It has been found that the product consist of a large quantity of nearly monodisperse cuboid-shaped microparticles of 2.7μm in length and 2.1μm in width, and almost all of them have uniform size and present one kind of structure. The as-prepared samples were constructed with many interleaving nanosheets in a perfectly aligned manner. The nanosheet building blocks are about 20 nm in thickness and several hundred nanometers in width. Room temperature photoluminescence spectrum of the as-obtained ZnO hierarchitectures was recorded showing multiple peaks of visible emissions in bluegreen region. The influence of various experimental conditions on the reaction has been investigated in detail. 2. ZnO microspheres has been successfully synthesized in glycol mixed solvent via a facile solvothermal process with SDBS and OP-10 surfactants in the presence of Trisodium citrate at 170℃for 24h. The results were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM). It has been found that the products were consisted of a large quantity of nearly monodisperse microspheres of 3.5μm in diameter. The microspheres were constructed with ZnO nanoparticles and the surface of the microspheres is rough. The influence of various experimental conditions on the reaction has been investigated in detail.3.β-Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes and flower-likeβ-Ni(OH)2 microspheres were synthesized by rection of NiSO4 and NaOH via a simple hydrothermal process with additives of ammonium oxalate or 1,2-ethylenediamine at 170℃for 24h. The SEM observation results displayed that the samples were uniform in size. The electrochemical property of the sample was obtained through cyclic voltammetry method.