Study On The Properties Of Non-halogen P-N-Based Intumescent Flame Retardant ABS Resin

In this thesis, for the target of research Non-Halogen P-N-based intumescent flame retardant ABS/IFR system, we use such as LOI, UL-94 testing, CONE testing methods for research flame retardancy property testing, to study the ABS/IFR system, which have the three components (acid source ,APP; carbon source, PER and DPER; gas source, MEL), the same time, we research mechanical properties and processing performance of this system. The three components have the relationship of the thermodynamic matching and quality ratio matching, which can affect the ABS performance. We want to enhance the IFR property of resist move out in hot water to meet the humid environment, using organic silicon of SFR-100 to coated flame retardant IFR, so we can use IFR microencapsulation for flame retardant ABS. To further enhance the IFR flame retardant effect of making high performance flame retardant ABS. The experimental use of nano-ZnO collaboration with IFR, and then catalytic efficiency IFR microencapsulation, for flame-retardant ABS, the catalytic efficiency of the role of nano ZnO on the flame retardancy of ABS, and through dynamic analysis, SEM, TG-FTIR technique to study the flame retardant mechanism of IFR.(1) The thermodynamic matching results showe that, APP release of phosphoric acid temperature range is 284⁴00℃. PER range of volatile without decomposition is 260³30℃. The melting point of DPER is 215²25℃, which volatile without decomposition temperature range is 330⁴20℃. MEL release of NH3 the temperature range is 250³00℃. Summary, the APP/PER/MEL compound have good match in thermodynamics, APP/DPER compound also have good match in thermodynamics, both IFR reaction temperature range, after the melting temperature of ABS, before the degradation temperature, so the IFR can have the property of flame retardant..(2) The quality ratio matching results showe that, if we separate add APP or MEL retardant ABS, flame-retardant property is poor. When the mass ratio of APP/PER/MEL is 90:45:30, the mass ratio of APP/DPER/MEL is 75:40:10, the mass ratio of APP/DPER is 60:40, the configuration of IFR to flame retardant ABS, the weight of IFR is 30wt%, LOI can reached the highest value, UL-94 testing can reached the level of V-0. The LOI of APP/DPER can up to 35%. The fire-retardant property of IFR flame retardant will decrease after dipping in hot water immersion, APP/DPER/MEL system have the best property of resist move out in hot water, but still move out. by 2wt% of the SFR-100 coating, so IFR microencapsulation, increase capacity of resist move out in hot water, almost no affect the fire-retardant property after dippingping in hot water. Using 1.5wt% of ZnO catalytic efficiency IFR, can further improve the flame retardancy , ZnO catalyst dosage of 20wt% efficiency when the IFR system, LOI reached 32%, UL-94 testing can reached the level of V-0, the izod iMPact strength is 12 kJ·m^-2, the tensile strength is 38MPa, melt flow rate is 17g/10min, flame retardant ABS products can meet more demanding performance requirements for flame retardant, mechanical performance requirements, and good processing performance.(3) TG-FTIR testing and kinites of thermal- degradation show that, in air atmosphere, when IFR release of gas at 264℃, the reaction started. Begin to form layer composed of carbon skeleton of the C=C=C bond at 307.5℃, which can ensure that the ABS to form a carbon layer before degradation of protective effects. In N2 atmosphere, the thermodynamic model of ABS/IFR system, the calculated thermal activation energy of ABS decomposition can be increased to 220 kJ/mol or more, so IFR carbon layer can be fit for protect the ABS matrix. IFR can improve the thermal stability of ABS carbon. In N2 atmosphere, the thermodynamic model of ABS/IFR system, the calculated thermal activation energy of ABS decomposition can be reduced to 170kJ/mol or so. The thermal activation energy of Carbon Degradation can increase to 281.8kJ/mol. The thermodynamic model is suitable for burning in the flame surface. IFR can promote decomposition of ABS, accelerating Carbon formation; the system can form more carbon layer which can protect the carbon products of ABS in ABS/IFR system. Carbon products improve the thermal stability of ABS.(4) CONE testing and SEM observation of carbon layer show that, IFR has obvious characteristics of condensed phase flame, which can form high-quality carbon. Carbon layer surface is smooth, without cracks and holes. The carbon closet has smaller acreage, carbon layer covering even a small room, almost closed structure. Inner carbon layer is thick, continuous compact carbon layer microstructure showed that carbon skeleton layer of uniform and compact, which can reduce the ABS burning date of HRR, MLR, SPR, reduce fire and smoke damage hazard. It is because ZnO have the effect to form APP chain like "tracks" which enable the IFR system generated carbon layer structure more dense and rules. ZnO play a role of synergistic effect; can be the most significant reduction in the date of HRR, MLR, SPR, TSR, in particular, smoke suppression is the best.