Study On Eco-Envrionmental Monitoring In The Coastal Area Based On Object-Oriented Theory

The natural ecosystem of coastal area is heavily influenced by human activities. There are good geological location and resources industry in the coastal area where human activities are getting drastic as never before and emerge many eco-environment problems. Eco-environment monitoring in the coastal area ensures virtuous circulation and development of regional ecosystem, promotes the unification of social, economic and ecological benefits, and also lays a foundation for regional sustainable development.This paper took Longkou as an example and used object-oriented theory and method to monitor ecological environment in the coastal area from the macroscopic aspect. First, it discussed theoretical foundation and technical methods; on this basis, established monitoring system according to eco-environment characteristics of the research area; used object-oriented image analysis method and GIS spatial analysis metheds to extract monitoring factors of subsystem; then, it introduced fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on GIS raster data, and combined it with Weighted Sum Method to establish evaluation model of ecological environment; evaluated Longkou ecological environment of 3 monitoring year, analysed spatiotemporal variation characteristics and reasons according to the results, and put forward feasibility measures of ecological environment protection.The main contents and achievements are as follows:(1) Eco-environment monitoring involves content extensive.With object-oriented idea through it, this paper focused on RS and GIS macroscopic monitoring. Based on object-oriented method in programming, the paper studied object-oriented connotation, feature, analysis steps of problem and so on; it analysed geological problems or phenomena, and the problems are divided into objects to form hierarchical structure, so eco-environment monitoring system of the coastal area was built.(2) Object-oriented classification method is the application of object-oriented theory as well as the important aspect of object-oriented idea applied to geological research. The paper studied on object-oriented image analysis by using eCognition software, and the main points were choosing scale and parameters of RS image segmentation, analyzing and extracting image features of the different monitoring objects, using object-oriented classification method, and evaluating classification accuracy. In addition, field investigation and experimental analysis were needed to get object attributes and test image information.(3) According to features of each subsystem, the research used related theories and methods to extract status information of monitoring objects at different periods. For example, land cover was classified and land information was extracted by analyzing spectral, shape, textural and other features of image objects; climatic factor, drainage density, population density, ect were extracted by interpolation method, buffer analysis and other methods; environmental sustaibility level was evaluated with TOPSIS method based on choosing proper evaluation index and multi-object decision.(4) In order to integrate every monitering factor to analyse the whole state of ecological environment in the research area, the fuzzy comprehensive assessment model, which was based on GIS raster data and assisted with Weighted Sum Method, was used to evaluate eco-environmennt monitoring system. The main difficulty of this model were defining evaluation criterion, extracting membership layers, doing fuzzy synthetic operation. Each evaluation grade area and membership mean of 5 partitions was got by GIS statistical tools on the base of analyzing spatial distribution and temporal variation. Furthermore, eco-environment states and variational process of 3 typical partitions were analyzed so as to make monitoring or evalulation more comprehensive and systematic.