Study On Synthesis And Application Of The Anti-staining Property Of Hyperbranched Polyamidoamine

Hyperbranched polymers are a novel kind of three dimensional torispherical irregular macromolecules possessing highly branched architectures, many inner cavities and a large amount of terminal functional groups. Due to their unique molecular structures and properties, hyperbranched polymers have become the hot topics in many R&D fields. Up to date, the great progress has been made in the synthesis, characterization, modification, and application of hyperbranched polymers. Especially, various synthesis methodologies have been developed during the past two decades, which provide the promising chance for their applications. However, many problems still need to be resolved, such as how to perfect the theories, how to explore the unknown features, how to explain new phenomena and spread the application fields. In this dissertation, the previous studies of hyperbranched polymers are summarized firstly, including their synthesis, properties and applications. Based on them, some creative investigations are conducted in the synthesis and modification of hyperbranched polymers to obtain various functional materials. A novel kind of functional hyperbranched polyamidoamins are designed and synthesized via the A2+BB'2 strategy.Recently, polyamides with branched structure, such as hyperbranched polyamides and dendronized polyamides, have drawn the attention of various research groups because of their unique physical and chemical characteristics. The branching architecture caused the unique properties of these polymers, such as good solubility, low viscosity, and strong reactivity, which showed great potential in a wide range of application, such as coatings, catalysis, liquid crystals, biomaterials, and nanoobjects. However, it still exhibits some problems in the synthesis of these two kinds of polyamides. In addition, the applications of dendritic polymers on dyeing and finishing for textiles are reviewed, involving encapsulation of dyes, extraction of dyes, light-harvesting systems establishment with dyes, dyeing behavior improvement of fibers, dyes wastewater treatment, coating finish etc.However, three key problems must be solved before they are used commercially. First, the manufacture of hyperbranched polymers is expensive since most of AB2 type monomers that are used to prepare hyperbranched polymers can not be commercially available. Especially for some polymers.It is very difficult to be synthesized by the classic method, polycondensation of AB2 type monomers, due to the high reactivity of functional group. Second, the molecular weight distribution of the hyperbranched polymers obtained is too broad, and the architecture of them can not be well controlled. Third, functionalization of hyperbranched polymers based on their terminal functional groups is still infancy, so the latent advantage and potentials of these macromolecules are not utilized widely.The previous studies of hyperbranched polymers are summarized firstly, including their synthesis, properties and applications. Based on them, some creative investigations are conducted in the synthesis and application of anti-staining Property of hyperbranched polymers. A novel kind of water-soluble hyperbranched polymers, the amino-terminated hyperbranched polyamidoamine (HPAMAM-NH2), is obtainted successfully. It is synthesized by the Michael addition polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) and Diethylenetriamine (DTA), and characterized by FTIR,1HMNR,13CMNR techniques,and theresult demonstrated that the structures of the synthesized dendrimers accord with theoretical structures. The optimized synthesis conditions of Michael addition polymerization are 6 hours,35℃and n(DTA)/n(MA)=1/1, and the the optimized synthesis conditions of amidation condensation reaction are 4 hours and 150℃. Adding HPAMAM can prevent dyes restaining on to the fabric by the function of dispersing,suspending,complexing. Therefore,it can be used to anti-staining property of fabric. When HPAMAM was less than 10g/L, it could provide the optimal effect for anti-staining in 15 to 30 minutes under the condition of 30℃, pH value between 5 and 6.