| The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has been recognized as a global public health issue, which is exacerbated by the overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and livestock systems. Tetracyclines are commonly used antibiotics in the swine industry for disease treatment and growth promotion. In recent years, the prevalence of tetracycline-resistant bacterial in environment are influenced by the wide use of tetracyclines in livestock production facilities. However, the survival, fate and dissemination of tetracycline resistance(tet) genes in soil are still poorly understood.In the present study, tetracycline resistance was determined in soils sampled from Liang Shui River and Bei Ye Chang. Totally, six tetracycline resistance genes were commonly detected in soil samples using the Polymerase-chain-reaction(PCR). Then the quantitative real-time PCR was further used to quantify three genes(tetM, Q, W,) and 16S rRNA gene abundances. The relative abundances(target gene/16S rRNA genes) of tetM, tetQ, and tetW in soil showed significant variation over sampling sites, ranging from 10-5 to 10-2.The concentrations of total tetracyclines(5 typical tetracyclines and 10 of their degradation products) in these soils were measured using liquid chromatography- electrospray tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS), the result indicated that the sewage irrigation the antibiotic content has the obvious influence function to the soil. Bivariate correlation analysis confirmed that absolute tet gene copies were strongly correlated with the concentrations of tetracycline residues.Afterward we gathered the Tianjin 3 river 36 soil spots to determine the antibiotics and the resistant genes, the result indicated that the soil of Beitang River pollution discharge river antibiotic pollution was most serious, the soil of Yongding River antibiotic pollution was light.
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