Jilin Province Chemical And Physical Properties Of Snow Deposits

Atmospheric as an important component of environmental system affects environment and ecological system.Air pollution has become widespread concern about environmental problems. The human activities take a large number of pollutants into the atmosphere and adsorption on the particles in the atmosphere. The pollutants transferred by the movement of atmospheric which around our global. The substances which floating in atmosphere deposited into soil, water, artificial facilities by dry-wet (Precipitation), Affecting terrestrial ecological environment.Jilin Province as the northeast old industrial base which with the city social economic development, coal, industrial dust and traffic in urban road transport emissions, causing tremendous pressure on the environment. The mainly winter rainfall account is based to snow in Jilin. The atmospheric particulate matters finally deposited into the soil, water, artificial facilities in the wet deposition process. So find out the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric deposition is the main premise to discuss the nature affection from winter snow. The physical and chemical properties of snow water sediments are very important for the further understand and discover the origin and the impact on the environment. In this paper, X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis are used for the test of snow particles in the sediment, mineral composition, soluble ions and organic carbon content were determined in Jilin Province, Changchun City, White City, Yanji City. The results showed:1, Jilin Province (2009-2010) snowfall average pH value is 6.44, range 6.01-7.10. It does not belong to acid precipitation. The acidification doesn't impact on the environment. The conductivity value is medium, the average is 55.0μs/cm, range 17.50-86.00μs/cm, it is about 37 times of Chinese air base of the observatory at Mt precipitation. Snow was got a certain degree of pollution. Ca2+ and NH4+ is the major cation which accounted for 38% and 40%; HCO3-and SO42-accounted for the major anions and anion concentration of 47% and 38%. The snow concentration anion order of Jilin Province:HCO3->SO42->Cl->NO3-. The precipitation are acid and the contribution of acid precipitation for environment also got a higher rate, but due to precipitation in Jilin Province (SO42-+NO3-)/(Ca2++NH4+)=1.38, the value is lower. That indicated the atmosphere capacity in Jilin is very strong, although there are more ions. It's very difficult to cause the acid precipitation. Also bring out less impact on the environment. Jilin Province and Beijing, Lanzhou, Chongqing, these three cities are the main anions with SO42-. The feature is mainly due to the characteristics of the energy structure of China's leading cities. Chinese cities, the mainly energy is coming from coal burning. Now the motor vehicle and petroleum chemical industry pollution in Jilin are less than Beijing, Lanzhou, Chongqing and the impact of NO3- on atmospheric is low. Jilin chemical and cement industries impact on the rate of contribution to atmospheric pollution are higher than Beijing and Chongqing. Jilin, Beijing, Lanzhou, Chongqing the precipitation of these three cities are Ca2+ and NH4+-based.2,The snow sediments of Jilin Province is mainly content by particle size<2μm, and the average order is (<2μm)> (20-200μm)> (>200μm)> (2-20μm). In Jilin province the snow sediments are mostly contents by particle size<2μm, then by particle size 20-200μm, that means the winter atmospheric environment in the province mainly based with PM2.5. PM2.5 is a kind of particulate matter which could be breathed into body, when the particles enter the body through the respiratory system then it could course some kind of damage, and for large particles, it can cause asthma and complications for the respiratory tract, and for some small and relatively smaller particles which breathed into the human's respiratory system can cause lung disease, heart disease and respiratory diseases. It can also affect on the function of lung.3, Jilin Province, the average value of snow precipitation is 189.71mg/L, and the range varied from 37.47mg/L-643.06mg/L, most of the particulate matters passed from atmosphere into the snow surface, that means the air quality in Jilin Province is more poor. The atmosphere can absorb large amount of wet deposition from atmospheric particles. In the winter coal burning, auto exhaust, and emissions created in daily life which with high level organic carbon in the deposits. Then the surface soil will fuse with organic carbon when snowmelt. And the content level of organic carbon will increase. The microbes which contained in High content of organic carbon soil has a strong function of decomposition organic carbon. And in the stage of decomposition will consumed much more oxygen, leading to the 02 content decreased and soil aeration drop and the nitrification in high levels of organic carbon is limited.4. We are trying to analysis the native sediment snow minerals and clay minerals which contained in Jilin snow. There are lots of native minerals quartz, feldspar-based mainly In the snow deposits of Jilin Province, and no mica, pyroxene, amphibole, olivine, calcite, apatite, pyrite and some other primary minerals. Occasionally we could found red iron minerals. The analysis Indicate that the mineral composition of PM10 in Jilin Province is more complex. Feldspar mineral is a kind of silicate mineral, mostly included in the KAlSi3O8, NaAlSi3O8,CaAl2Si2O8. The clay minerals are mainly contained by Montmorillonite,illite,kaolinite and vermiculite-based, occasionally it contain chlorite. The atmospheric particles are mainly based on clay minerals in snow condition in Jilin province.