Application Of The Functionalized Ionic Liquids As The Solvent And Catalyst For Biopolymers

Functionalized ionic liquid also called "task-specific ionic liquid", which showed the special functions in the chemical reactions, and was one of the important branchs of room-temperature ionic liquid. Functionalized ionic liquid also showed the high selectivity and practicability compared with the traditional ionic liquids due to the properties such as easiy modification for both anion and/or cation to meet the specific requirement. Hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquid 1-(2-hydroxylethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([HeMIM]Cl) and chloro-functionalized ionic liquid 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([CeMIM]Cl) are two common easy prepared functionalized ionic liquids. [HeMIM]Cl owned the special ability to dissolve alkali cellulose activated with NaOH solution (30%); [CeMIM]Cl owned the ability to dissolve silk fibroin and can efficiently convert the biomass to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The detailed works are as follows:Firstly, application of [HeMIM]Cl to dissolve the activated cellulose to prepare the materials of cellulose/chitosan composite, cellulose hydrogel and all-cellulose composites. The materials prepared according to these described methods showed the better performance, and would be the useful medical materials in the future.Secondly, [CeMIM]Cl was a novel solvent for silk fibroin with the dissolubility of 15% at 100℃. The regenerated silk fibroin was obtained from the silk solution by coagulating with methanol. The novel solvent could be a useful additional way to utilize the silk fibroin.Lastly, the application of [CeMIM]Cl to convert biomass into HMF was also investigated. [CeMIM]Cl could convert fructose to HMF efficiently as the solvent and catalyst under the mild condition. Howover, [CeMIM]Cl could convert cellulose to oligosaccharides, but not convert cellulose to HMF efficiently. The novel solvent and catalyst system for convert biomass to useful products was the practical way to utilize the biomass.