A Study On Phytoremediation Of Hydrophytes To Ammonium Butyl Aerofloat Polluted Water

Floatation organic reagents residued in the tailings formed a high concentrations of pollution sources, which would possible affect the surrounding ecological environment and human health through leakage, overflow or anthropogenic emissions and other ways. Pistia stratiotes L, Hydrilla verticillata and Eichhornia crassipes Solms were cultivated in nutrient solution spiked with different concentrations of ammonium butyl aerofloat to investigate their growth response and phytoremediation to ammonium butyl aerofloat. The main results of this study were as follows:(1) The resistance capability of hydrophytes to ammonium butyl aerofloat pollution was Hydrilla verticillata >Eichhornia crassipes Solms>Pistia stratiotes L. When the mass concentration of ammonium butyl aerofloat was 10 mg·L-1, Pistia stratiotes L showed mild toxic symptoms, growth was significantly lower than the blank control; When the mass concentration was up to 50 mg·L-1, Pistia stratiotes L and Eichhornia crassipes Solms showed moderate poisoning symptoms, growth was significantly lower than the blank treatment; When the mass concentration of ammonium butyl aerofloat was 100 mg·L-1, Pistia stratiotes L showed severe poisoning after 5 d, Eichhornia crassipes Solms and Hydrilla verticillata were also showing symptoms of moderate poisoning and mild poisoning, the plant growth were significantly lower than control treatment.(2)The plant treatment on the small black medicine contaminated ammonium removal were significantly higher than the control (non-plant treatment), and the removal rates among hydrophytes treatments also varied significantly in the following order:Eichhornia crassipes Solms >Hydrilla verticillata >Pistia stratiotes L. Eichhornia crassipes Solms could effectively remove ammonium butyl aerofloat, for example. While the initial concentration of ammonium butyl aerofloat was 10 mg·L-1, compared to the degradation rate constant k (0.0129 d-1) of no plant treatment group, k (0.0568 d-1) of Eichhornia crassipes Solms increased by 340%.(3) Different concentrations of ammonium butyl aerofloat had a certain effect on physiological indicators of Pistia stratiotes L, Hydrilla verticillata and Eichhornia crassipes Solms, such as chlorophyll content, POD activity, MDA content, soluble sugar and protein, low concentrations could stimulate physiological activity of plants, and high concentrations produced a significantly damage to plants.(4) The nature condition of experimental treatment was conducive to ammonium butyl aerofloat degradation. When the concentration of ammonium butyl aerofloat was 10 mg·L-1, k of the inhibition of non-plant treatment group was 0.0077 d-1, bur k values of Pistia stratiotes L, Hydrilla verticillata and Eichhornia crassipes Solms were 0.0211 d-1,0.0176 d-1 and 0.0587 d-1 in no-antibacterial experiments respectively. k value of inhibition plant treatment accounted for 36.5%,43.8% and 13.1%, which showed that the natural degradation of ammonium butyl aerofloat played a role in the whole degradation process. The role of microorganisms in Pistia stratiotes L, Hydrilla verticillata and Eichhornia crassipes Solms treatment systems was small, accounted for 6.6%,9.7% and 18.4%. Throughout the degradation process, hydrophytes played a major role, accounted for 68.5%,46.6% and 56.9%. k value of deficiency treatments also was higher than non-deficiency group, which indicated that the conditions of phosphorus deficiency could contribute to the degradation of ammonium butyl aerofloat.