Research On Electric Desalination Process Optimization Technology Of Typical High-acid Crude Oil

Crude oil atmospheric/vacuum distillation device is the leading section in refinery, in which the electricity desalination is the first process. In recent years, with the deep exploitation of the crude oil, the quality of crude oil deteriorates increasingly. In addition, because of price fluctuations and diversity source of crude oil, large quantities of crude oil with poor quality is imported to reduce costs in China. So it becomes more difficult to make desalination and dehydration in this condition. Many problems come out in original mature electricity desalination technology. The desalination process cannot meet standards in part of refinerys. If the desalination device cannot work normally, the primary and secondary processing device will not be operated safly, leading to the next processing device corrosion, catalyst failure, furnace fouling and even tower shocked, air cooler perforation on the top of tower and Hydrogenation catalyst discharged etc.Therefore, it is very necessary to use laboratory simulation method to explore optimum process conditions, screen the corresponding emulsifier and develop a full set of technology of electrical desalting of refining low-quality crude. This kind of technology can satisfy needs of refining low-quality crude in refinery enterprise, which has widely application prospects.To solve this problem, on the basis of electric desalination technology from home and abroad and the characteristics of low-quality crude, laboratory simulation of electric desalination is conducted in this paper. According to the principle of proximity, investigations are carried on in refineries around Qingdao. Oil quality is analyzed to determine its nature. Screening demulsifier, static and dynamic simulation of electric desalination is studied according to the characteristics of oil. Through the high-speed photography technology, the dehydration mechanism is studied from the microscopic view. The microscopic structure research of emulsion can help clarify the reasons of macro-changes of emulsion, explain dehydration mechanism and optimize process parameters. The technology of electric desalination of refining low-quality oil is formed ultimately.This paper in these elements researches above has achieved good progress. The results can provide guidance to the production practice of the enterprise. However, studies on different electricity desalination technology of low-quality oil, especially microscopic mechanism research are needed to be further explored. More scholars and experts should conduct researches about it.