Inorganic Fuctionl Nanomaterials Controllble Electrochemical Systhesis Characteriztion And Application

Due to its very useful optics, electricity and catalytic properties of inorganic functional nanomaterials, which have caused a lot of attentions of scientists. In this thesis, we mainly studied the electrochemical synthesis inorganic nanomaterials such as copper oxide nanoparticles, dendritic silver nanostructure and Pd nanourchins, and the application in electrochemical glucose biosensor, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and catalytic activity towards ethanol oxidation. The specific results are expressed as follows:(1) A highly sensitive nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor has been successfully fabricated via cyclic voltammetry depositing copper oxide nanoparticles (COs) onto the aligned single-walled carbon nanotube arrays (SWCNT) in situ growth of on SiO₂/Si wafer. X-ray spectroscopy shows that compositions of COs are Cu₂O and CuO with a ratio of 2 to 1. The as-prepared COs-SWCNT electrode exhibits synergistic electrocatalytic activity on the oxidation of glucose in alkaline media and has a response time of less than 2 s,a low limit detection (LOD) of 19 nM.(2) The nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor has been successfully fabricated via cyclic voltammetry depositing cuboidal copper oxide nanoparticles (COs) onto random single-walled carbon nanotubes in situ growth of on SiO₂/Si wafer. The CuO-Cu₂O/SWCNT electrode was used to fabricate glucose biosensor.(3) Basing on the nitric acid silver solution, silver dendrites were obtained by galvanostatic method on the Indium tin oxide (ITO) glassware, we discussed various experimental conditions influenced the morphology of electrodeposits, and further discussed the mechanism of its formation, and then developing a rapid (<12 s) method to build three-dimensional silver dendrites for surface-enhanced Raman substrate material on the ITO surface. The silver dendrites have shown strong SERS signal towards the 2, 2′- dithiodypyridine and ethylenethiourea.(4) We successfully prepared the Pd nanourchins in dilute H₂SO₄ which contains PdCl₂ through potentiostatic method. By comparison with the commercially available Pd black catalyst, Pd nanourchins exhibit better catalytic activity towards ethanol oxidation.