Study On Vision Guided Lapping System For Diamond Turning Tools

With the development of the ultra-precision machining technology, the demands of high-precision diamond turning tools are increasing. However, at present, most of the diamond turning tools are manufactured by skilled workers, so that the demands of precision and efficiency are difficult to be satisfied.In the research, a vision guided automatic grinding system for diamond turning tools is studied and developed based on the analysis of diamond turning tools'forming. Firstly, the principles and structure of the system is demonstrated. Then the dynamic stiffness and static stiffness of the system is analyzed respectively by using the finite element analysis. Afterwards the whole system is built up and hardware and software of control system is developed by using the best solution based on the analysis result. Secondly, in order to improve the accuracy of initial installation before tools'grinding, the shape-based template matching is considered to be the best detection method. The best method is determined to be used in mounting tools initially by comparing the accuracy and efficiency of three methods frequently used in detecting the diamond turning tools. By using the best method the minimal error is made down to sub-micron level. Afterwards the shape information and position information of tools are measured online in sub-pixel precision. The results show that the image processing system achieve the on-line measurement for diamond tools of the radius of 1mm, 0.5mm and 0.2mm. In addition, the results measured by using image measurement and contour measuring device are compared to ensure the reliability of the system. Finally, some technology experiments are made by using the diamond turning tools automatic grinding system. Based on the single factor analysis method, grinding process parameters are optimized, and the best machining parameters are determined in diamond turning tools grinding, and then the high efficiency diamond cutting tools are achieved in the best parameters.The research solves technology problem of the diamond cutting tools grinding by developing the vision guided diamond turning tools automatic grinding system, and guarantee the ultra-precision processing and optical free-form surface machining.