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The Solvothermal Preparation Of Carbon Microspheres And The Application In Modifiding Electrode

Posted on:2011-10-22Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:X L NieFull Text:PDF
GTID:2131330338985128Subject:Applied Chemistry
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Carbon microsphere is a branch of carbon materials with many excellent features, which attracted many researchers'interest in it, including the properties, synthesis methods and applications.Among the several synthesis methods, the solvothermal method was considered to be a simple and friendly to the environment method and popularly employed to synthesis carbon microspheres.In this paper, carbon spheres with different morphologies and diameters were synthesized by solvothermal method. The experimental data evidenced that the key factors influencing the morphology and diameter were the solvent and the heating rate, respectively.Over the years, the application of carbon microspheres mainly concentrated in such areas, template for preparing composite material, carrier of catalyst, electrode material of lithium-ion battery and so on. There is almost no report of the fabrication and application of carbon microsphere-modified electrode. By in-depth analysis and comparison of the properties between carbon microsphere and carbon nanotubes, a concept was proposed to modifide carbon microspheres at the surface of glassy carbon electrode for improving the performance of the electrode and determining toxic substances in this paper, which has been proved feasible by the experimental data. The carbon microsphere-modified glassy carbon electrode showed sensitive selectivity, good stability, and low detection limit in determination of cadmium ions. Therefore the applications of carbon microspheres were expanded. The main research was summarized as follows:1. Preparation of carbon microspheres by solvothermal method. The as prepared carbon microspheres were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD TG, and IR, discovering that the size and morphology of carbon microspheres were changed as soon as the heating rate and solvent were altered, respectively. So a conclusion was draw that the key factors influencing the morphology and diameter were the solvent and the heating rate, respectively. 2. Fabrication of carbon microspheres-modified glass carbon electrode (CMS-GCE). Through contrasting the dispersion effect of carbon microspheres in different dispersants, cyclohexanol was chosen as the dispersing agent. CMS-GCE was prepared by drop-coating the well dispersed carbon microspheres on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. And the modified electrode was characterized by SEM, showing that the carbon microspheres have been well modified on the surface of glass carbon electrode. The cyclic voltammograms showed that carbon microspheres-modified glassy carbon electrode has a sensitive response to Cadmium ions.3. The optimization of the conditions and the determination of Cadmium. The resulting CMS-GCE exhibits excellent sensitivity to Cadmium (Ⅱ) and low detection limit (10-10mol/L), which is one order of magnitude lower than those obtained by other electrodes. The electrode has linear concentration ranges of 5×10-9-1.34×10-7 mol/L and 1.34×10-7-1×10-6mol/L with correlation coefficients of 0.9989 and 0.9998, respectively. Along with the immunity from interference of other metal ions such as lead (II), copper (II), and Iron (II /III), the wide determination range and good linear correlation coefficient would be beneficial to the applications of CMS-GCE. Satisfactory results were obtained when the modified electrode was employed to determine Cadmium (Ⅱ) in the simulated water.
Keywords/Search Tags:carbon microsphere, solvothermal method, modifiedelectrode, Cadmium, electrochemistry, cyclic voltammetry
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