High-rise Buildings Performance Fire Protection Design Method Research

Along with the very rapid increase of city population, urban land using is becoming a severe issue. High-rise Building, with its advantage of effectively using space, is playing a more and more important role in urban development planning.However, its particular function and frame bring a series of problems during engineering when we considering its feature in Designing of Building Fire safety and evacuating. The most serious one which troubled us ever since the beginning of development of High-rise buildings is how to solve the fire safety issues.The traditional directive design concept is gradually getting unsatisfied for fire safety design need on High-rise buildings due to some problems including unpredictable fire spread ways, difficulties of firefighting and inadequate fire-fighting facilities. While the Performance-based fire design is a brand new concept which is more flexible, scientific, security and economical comparing the traditional one. It using Fire Safety Engineering Principles and Methods to proceed from the overall performance of the entire design to get the goal of the Performance-based design, and will separately predict the different actual situation of the building qualitatively and quantitatively, finally getting a best Fire safety Design. This idea is constantly being widely used around the world owing to its outstanding performance.In this article we use the FDS, which is recognized internationally as the most reliable dynamic fire simulation software, to discuss the issue we want to study. Firstly establishing a building model, analyzing the factors affecting the smoke movement in the corridors and staircases, then we can draw the specific characteristics of smoke movement basing on the Chimney effect mechanism and Gas Flow characteristics. The result shows that the chimney effect and smoke quickly spread to the staircase, but giving to the impact of the stairs, the spread has slowed, the maximum speed is up to 1.5m/s. As a result of its own structure, the gas movement is kind of complex. The temperature difference between indoor and outdoor caused by fire, as well as the outdoor wind speed somewhat affect both the smoke movement and pressure distribution. While different floor where is on fire, different damage will be caused and the gas movement is also different.What studied in this article, we hope it will has some significance to the Design of high-rise building Fire Safety and can be a worthy reference for High-rise building fire smoke control and evacuation and some other issues.