The Application Of Hydrogen Bubble Template Electrodepositon Porous Metal Materials

Environment pollution is become more seriously with development of industrialization, National governments all positive seek a free from aontamination,reproduible,high efficiency,sanitary new power source. Especially, the Fuel Cell of the Hydrogen /segregation of hydrocarbons as the fuel which can generate electricity directly call forth many countries attention. Thereinto, Oxygen reduction reaction is the key cathodic process in the Fuel Cell. At the present, the main cathodic catalyst is the Pt-based catalyst, while Pt is the noble metal and is scarcity, the cost is very expensive, which inhibit the development of Pt-based catalyst, Pd is abundance and the cost is cheaper relative to Pt, and Pd also has the catalysis activity, so more and more researches focus on the Pd-based catalyst. However, In the high cathodic polarize, the hydrogen is produced in the cathodic, and the hydrogen can be used as"template"for depositing the porous metal nanomaterials is a relatively new method, the method is low cost, ease of preparation, facile control of structure, and facile one-step synthesis process, and have the extensive application in Fuel Cell,Electrochemical Capacitor and Electrochemical Sensors etc.In the first chapter, we review the prepareation and application of the three-dimension porous nanomaterials, generalize the deposition principle of the hydrogen bubble template method. At last, we introduce the Fuel Cell's development,classification,principle of work and cathodic catalyst.Chapter 2 mainly reports using the hydrogen bubble template deposited different morphology Pd nanostructure on the GCE, We change the concentraton of reactant and deposition time in the experiment, the Pd nanostructure from nanobuds to nanodendrites. After that, we characterized the Pd-nanobuds/GCE and Pd-nanodendrited/GCE in the 0.5M nitrogen-saturated H₂SO₄ and 2mM K₃Fe(CN)₆ to investigate the Cyclic voltammetry of the modified GCE, we also investigate the modified GCE for oxygen reduction reaction, and analysis the oxygen reduction reaction is a 2 step 4e- processs.The third chapter is the extension of the chapter 2.Firstly, we add the H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O solution into the as-prepared Pd nanostructure's solution ,then using the hydrogen bubble template method to deposit the different atom ratio of Pd-Pt nanoalloy catalysts, the ratio can be obtained by the EDS,XPS, we named the alloy:Pd₁Pt₂,Pd₁Pt₁,Pd₁Pt₂.After that, we investigate the oxygen reduction reaction of the three nanoalloy catalysts and find the catalysis activity of the three are better than the commerce Pt electrode. At the end, we focus the emphasis on the Pd₁Pt₁/GCE, we make further to study its morphology and the Cyclic voltammetry. From the linearly relationship between the current and scan rate, we can draw a conclusion that the Pd₁Pt₁/GCE is a surface control process for the oxygen catalyst.In the chapter 4, we also use the hydrogen bubble template prepared three-dimension porous copper, and its application in the immobilization biological molecules.At the end of this paper, a short conclusion for the past work and goal for future research are made.