The Fuzzy Set Optimization Study And Design Of Flood & Sedimentation-Related Regulation Rules Of Pumped And Storage Project

With the rapidly developing of Chinese economy, and the increasing demand of electricity, the pumped and storage power plants play a more important role in the national and regional transmission-line system of electric power. The pumped and storage power plants can consume the surplus of electric power during peak output period, and generate electric power for deficit during the trough output period. It can also optimize the running status of thermal power plant and, particularly the running status of nuclear power plant. It can also regulate the frequency and the phase of electric power. It can be the standby install capacity of the whole system for emergency case. So the development of the Pumped and Storage power plants is the most efficient measure of solving problems of the electric system.The Pushihe project, named of the river that it locates on, is under-designing pumped and storage power plant. The Pushihe River, in Kuandian Mann (a minority in the Northeast China) autonomous county of Liaoning Province, is a tributary of the Yalu River, which is the Boundary River of China and DPRK. The project is the first big pumped and storage power plants in the Northeast China. The second phase of the project can be described as the expansion of the first phase, as they have the same lower reservoir and the same upper reservoir. The install capacity of the two phases is 1200MW, so the total install capacity will be 2400MW. The lower reservoir is the water source of the project, the damsite is near Wangjiajie, a local village. To meet the demand of the electric system, the basic regulation rule of this project is a daily regulation: it pumps once (in late night early morning) and generates electricity twice (in morning and evening) in every day.The sediment problems of this project in design is that the deposition of sediment causing the permanent loss of reservoir capacity. The measure of enlarging the discharging of water and sediment can reduce deposition, but the concentration of sediment is bigger and much sediment passes through the pump-turbines. This will cause the turbine badly erosion by the sediment. Also, too .much deposition will cause much sediment passes through the turbine in the future too.For studying the regulation rules of the sediment of the second phase project, and studying the reservoir capacity loss caused by deposition, the amount of sediment passing through the turbines, and the deposition and flow regime near the intake of the pump-turbines, the deposition of the reservoir was studied. The model of studying the reservoir deposition is one-dimension and two-dimension embedded mathematical model, which is a one dimensional model study the whole reservoirand the two dimensional model study some important parts of the reservoir by utilizing the one-dimensional model output data. For Pushihe lower reservoir, one-dimensional model studies the whole reservoir, and the two-dimensional model study the part of reservoir of 4.5km in length near the intake of the pump-turbine, to study the layout of the deposition and the and concentration of the suspended load near the intake. The two-dimensional model was verified by the observed flow velocity and sediment concentration data. In studying the deposition of the upper reservoir, the effecting of pumping and discharging was taken into accounted. Measures were taken in structure designing to enlarge the discharging capacity of the spillway. In non-structure designing, the telemetric system was designed for forecasting the runoff and flood by monitoring the rainfall and water level of river station, and a warning system was designed to avoid downstream people from the dangerous situation of man-made flood. All these measures are for the feasibility of the regulation rules of the reservoir.There are two choices of the time intervals between the first and second phase projects. For every choice, there are five alternatives of stage rule of the lower reservoir. The first is keep the stage constant in whole years. The second is keep the stage...