| With the increase of diesel engines in the world, the pollution of particulate emissionsfrom diesel engines, which are harmful to the environment and organisms, is getting moreand more serious. So it has a great practical significance to analyze component andharmfulness of the organic compounds and the inorganic compounds and then proceed todecrease the diesel emissions. At present, few researchs in the field of component analyseand harmfulness of various fractions in diesel particulates has been carried out in ourcountry, especially to the bio-toxicity of different parts in soluble organic fractions (SOF). In this thesis, samples of particulate matter (PM) were collected with the ECE R49-13test mode from CY6102BZLQ diesel engine manufactured by Dongfeng Chaoyang DieselEngines Company Ltd. The soluble organic fractions(F0) in diesel exhaust were classifiedinto organic acids(F1), organic bases(F2), aliphatic compounds(F3), aromaticcompounds(F4), moderately polar neutral compounds(F5) and highly polar neutralcompounds(F6) by silica gel column chromatography and chemical methods. Afterweighing, percentages of these organic compounds was obtained, which are listed in turn:11.64%,15.21%,12.32%,9.97%,41.35% and 9.51%. Using the GC-MS technique, 41kinds of components were confirmed. Anions in diesel particulates were investigated with ion chromatography test. Amongthe samples, there were 6 kinds of diesel engines (D1~D6) which can divided into twotypes, the D.I diesel engine and the turbulence chamber diesel engine. The results showedthat all kinds of anions of three directly injection diesel engines (D1~D3) were less thanthat of three turbulence chamber diesel engines (D4~D6) significantly. And there was noNO2 in the samples of D1~D3. To the CYQD32 series, the break specific emission of -anions has a decreasing trend with the amelioration adopting turbocharge or chargeinter-cooling technique. The ICP-AMS was used to determine the kinds and contents of trace metals inexhaust particulates of D1~D6. According to the experimental results, the break specificemission of metals of CYQD32 series decreased with the amelioration using turbochargeor charge inter-cooling technique. Among all the elements, the break specific emission ofCa was the most and that of Zn was the least. In addition, the break specific emissions of Tiand Fe were less. According to the analysis results, the distributing graphs of SOF, S and N species,trace metals, carbon in the PM samples of 6 kinds of diesel engines were accomplished. The mutagenicity of F0~F6 were detected with the Salmonella mutagenicity test(Ames assay) using strain TA98 (-S9, +S9) and TA100 (-S9, +S9). The results indicatedthat the mutagenicity of F1 and F4 was the strongest with obvious does-response relations.F5, F6 and F0 also had positive results and some does-response relations at highconcentrations. F2 and F3 had negative results at all dosage levels.
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