| It is thought that dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell (DSC) is a new type of photoelectric chemical soalr cell with simple preparation procedure, low cost, stable photo-to-electric performance and friendly environment action, which make it a good alternative of photo-to-electric devices; in addition there is very important significance in the research of solar cell. The theory and principle about it is significant for semiconductor photoelectronics, nanometer porous material, organic solid-electrolyte and photo-electric chemical. In this paper, the every component of DSC was researched, the relations between every component and photon-to-electric performance of DSC were discussed, the configuration of DSC was optimized and the dye-sensitized solar cell with a 4% photon-to-electric efficiency was prepared.(1) The TiO2 film was prepared by daubing P25 powder, dispersing P25 power, sol-gel and spin coating. The influence of TiO2 crystal structure, coating technique and predecessor type on photoelectric performance of TiO2 film was discussed. The results were obtained that the TiO2 film prepared by daubing P25 power performed well, the TiO2 was treated with HCI, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4, it was found that the TiO2 film with a 0.1 mol/1 HCl treat performed better.(2) The fourteen kinds of natural dye were abstracted from flower, leave and fruit, and were as the sensitizing dye of TiO2 film, the DSC was prepared with these natural dye-sensitized films, and the photoelectric performance was measured. It is found that the natural dye presented a litlle ability of electron transfer. The result was obtained that natural dye of black rice performed best with a 1.124 mA/cm2 of short circuit current, a 551 mV of open circuit voltage, a 327uW of max theoretic output power and a 36.41% of IPCE in 554nm in the fourteen nature dye. It was also found that the anthocyanin natural dye from flower performed better than chlorophyll and carotenoid natural dye.(3) The electrolyte was prepared by dissolving KI and I2 in various organic solvent. The basic principle of electrolyte in DSC was concluded that organic solvent is with a high dielectric constant, conductivity and boiling point and low evaporability, can forming electron-complex, make KI and \2 great solvation level and can forming high conductivitysolution. Through choosing from seven organic solvent, the 1,2-propanediol carbonate performed better with a 0.682mV of open circuit voltage and a 6.2 mA/cm2 of short circuit current.(4) The opposite electrode was modified with Pt by vacuum coating, thermal decomposition and electrodeposition method, the maxim theoretic output power was increased seven times with Pt-modifying opposite electrode. But the Pt-modifying opposite electrode prepared by various methods performed great differences, the Pt-modifying opposite electrode prepared by electrodeposition method was with a orderly surface structure, low surface resistance, low concentration of impurities and defects, and high catalysis ability. But the Pt-modifying opposite electrode preparing by vacuum coating, thermal decomposition method was with a low catalysis ability. A Pt-modifying opposite electrode with great performance should be with a orderly surface structure, uniformity thickness and low impurities and defects.
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