| This paper was integrated with the project " The research of the traffic network flow characteristics by simulating circuit system" imbursed by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). This project aims to study network traffic flow characteristics applying the network theory analysis method borrowing from the simulating circuit system theory, open out the traffic flow dynamic relationship between point, line and face of the network and set up model and method system that can describe the complicated network traffic state and state transfering characters. This paper is a part content of this project. It focuses on expatiating and demonstrating the feasibility of studying network traffic flow characteristics by means of simulating circuit system method from the macro-traffic network equilibrium. At present urban traffic network equilibrium analysis methods is almost complete. All the models, including Frank-Wolfe algorithm, All-or-Nothing method, Capacity Restraint and Incremental assignment, are based on the user-equilibrium principle put forward by Wardrop(1952).Based on the former research fruits, this paper pay emphasis on demonstrating the similarity of circuit system and traffic system mainly from macro-traffic flow organization. This study need demonstrate many similarities, including between link, intersection and electric components, the impedent function of link and the series-wound non-linear resistors, UE principle and Kirchoff Law. Therefore, we can obtain the following conclusion: There are two sets of constraints on the link current and link voltage in the circuit. One represents the element's volt-ampere relationship, while the other results from the elements' connection, which is formulated by Kirchhoff Law Equations. When loading traffic flow on the network to obtain the UE flow pattern, the similar rules need observing. One results from the intersection flow equilibrium; the other is the restriction from the travel time equilibrium equations of loops in the traffic network, which is formulated by UE principle. The two systems observe the very similar principle. Therefore, we can construct the traffic assignment mathematical program by simulating the method of circuit theory. The new equilibrium thought is that the differece between competing routes' impedences of each independent loop in the traffic network is zero or minimum. Then a minimization mathematical model and incremental loading method is put forward. This method is a attempt of applying circuit theory to traffic network equilibrium analysis and prove to be feasible with a simple example. This paper is divided into six chapters. The content of each chaper is as follows: First Chaper: Introduction. First, introduce the development of urban traffic network equilibrium theory that is the research objective of this paper and describe the transportation network equilibrium principle and a series of assignment models.Then explain the background and significance of this paper. Finally describe the study content and route. Second Chaper: Circuit System Basic Theory. Some primary circuit theories related to the objective are introduced. The basic values (current, voltage), basic components (resistor, power), basic law(Ohm Law, Kirchoff Law) are all described. Then, some simple analysis methods to solve circuit equations are showed. The main processes of these methods are as follows: First, select circuit value (current or voltage); Second, list ciucuit equations according to the KCL, KVL or the relationships between current and voltage and each component; Finally, solve the circuit equations. This chapter supplies some necessary circuit knowledge for the similarity demonstration of traffic system and circuit system in the following chapers. Third Chapter: the Research on Link Impedence characteristics. The chaper gives a definition of a link that is the distance between two adjacent intersection exits (stop line of reverse direction) in the same direction. This paper suppose that travel time only includes ru... |
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