Research On The Technology Of Detecting Target Based-on The Vector Sensors

The vector sensor is composed of two or three spatially collocated but orthogonal oriented particle velocity sensors (pressure gradient sensors, accelerometer or displacement sensors) with an optional collocated pressure sensor. Vector sensor may measures and captures the interesting information of the vector field of the sound wave. Comparing to pressure sensor, The vector sensor gets more interesting information from acoustic field, the more information we catch, the more gain of array will be gotten, thus, the capability of the sonar will be improved.How to get use of the information caught by vector sensor correctly and reasonably, including of the pressure information and particle velocity (vector field) information, is the topic of making the technology of vector sensor using in practical engineering, which must be solved first. In virtue of defining "complex analytic acoustic energy flux" , the main content of the thesis is the technology of detecting the target using vector sensor or vector array, setting forth the principle of detecting target and the capability of telling apart several target in use of a single vector sensor, respectively and the technology of beam-forming base-on vector array.In the first chapter of this thesis, sets forth the principal of detecting target in time-domain and frequency-domain, at the same time, presents the formula of estimating the object direction and the formula of the estimation error. At the half of this chapter, analysis the experiment results done in bank or lake, which shows that it is reasonable of the theory and method of estimating object direction. The more studies of practical engineering may be done in future.The concept of Analytic Acoustic Energy Flux is the basis of pressure and particle velocity combined processing, is the bridge between the technology of general acoustic pressure signal procession and the technology of vector sensor signal procession. At the third chapter of this thesis, puts forward two kind of definition of Analytic Acoustic Energy Flux, analyses the inner mechanism which Analytic Acoustic Energy Flux is used in pressure and particle velocity combined signal processing; it is discussed that estimating the object direction in use of Analytic Acoustic Energy Flux, the method ofestimating the object direction base-on Analytic Acoustic Energy Flux is also be set forth.A single pressure sensor can' t estimate the object direction, but a signal vector sensor can do, and father more, the later can also tell apart several targets at the same time. In the fourth chapter, it is illustrated that distinguishes several target' s direction by the method of LOFAR and DEMON spectrum analysis with a single vector sensor, which is terrified to be doable.The technology of vector array signal procession is also the content of this thesis. First, it puts forward the technology of beam-forming and the experimental result done in lake and in ocean, from which can conclude a lot of practical technology about vector array signal procession. A simple method and imitation result of improving the precision of estimating object direction is also be put forward in this thesis.The technology of vector array signal procession is a new technology, the technology of pressure and particle velocity combined processing is young and vital, waiting for one to study and practice furthermore. As the author' s ability is limited, regret and limitation might have stayed in my thesis, I hope that it is useful to the technology' s development, with which estimates object direction by vector sensor.