The Portable Image Detecting System For Rail Profile

With the development of economy, and the operation of high speeds over loading, high density, the request of the railway quality is becoming more and more high, the railway condition is important factor to the security of operation.so it is a difficult job to ensure the railway quality well to the railway department, but the condition of railway is directly contacted with rail quality.First of all, the background and meaning of research and development is introduced in the thesis; the rail's classify and geometry dimension, and the rail wear's definition, formation cause, mechanism, wear standard and gauge standard are introduced; the domestic and overseas development of rail detection is introduced, including detecting method, detecting principle and detecting products; the advantage and disadvantage of domestic and overseas rail detecting principle, detecting method and detecting precision are analysed and compared. Then, CCD Non-contact light section method is confirmed to be the detecting principle to rail profile in the thesis. The whole project is designed on the base of the detecting principle, including: detecting function, detecting principle, technology index, system software, system hardware and system machine. The main work of this thesis is image collecting, image processing and image analysing. The image collection include the design of best optical curve, the design of CCD parameter, the design of line laser parameter, the design of optical system and double channel image collecting system, and several locale test. Image processing theory is researched, analysed and discussed in image processing part, and the rail curve image is processed by C++ coding, pick-uping rail object curve, aberration emendation, and coordinate transformation, Every arithmetic is compared and the best image processing arithmetic is choosed to the thesis. Image datum mark distinguishing, wear counting and gauge, error analysing are researched and the arithmetic are coded in image analysing part.The locale detecting software is designed, the interface of software is simple, operating easily, and including display of detecting data, warning, manual distinguishing and so on. Software save detecting data automatically, the detecting data could be moved to ground analysing software by the interface USB that could analyse, process, make report and print.The system is based on the CCD Non-contact image detecting technology, including the optical technology, photoelectricity technology, digital image processing technology and software engineering and so on, the system could detect the technology parameter of rail: vertical wear, horizontal wear, whole wear and gauge. Small bulk, light weight, high precision, real time processing, easily operating, so it have positive effect on the railway maintain,security of railway and so on.