Application Research Of The Heavy Oil In The Locomotive Engine

The energy shortage is one of the most important problem of most country , and the petroleum exploitation has the trend of maintenance or decrease in our country . Along with the rapid development of railway and automobile , the demand for petroleum increase very fast , so that the petroleum importation increased by 8%~9% each year . On the other hand , Because of the exploitation for long. The petroleum quality in our country became worse one year by one , thus, the cetane number decrease , and impurity content of petroleum increase every year. Facing the hot complexion, how to realize the changeover from light oil to heavy oil in diesel locomotive, and have the research of applying heavy oil in diesel engine is the content of this paper.The paper first demonstrate the feasibility and the significance of the applications of heavy oil in locomotive diesel engine. Middling speed diesel engine occupy the mostly of our diesel locomotive, and the application of heavy oil on middling speed diesel engine is accepted by diesel pursuer all over the world. And for the price contrast between light oil and heavy oil, the application of heavy oil in locomotive diesel engine will make the fuel consume decrease badly, so that lower the transport cost.Because the viscosity and the impurify content of heavy oil is higher than the light one, so the heavy oil cann't be applied directly in locomotive diesel engine. To use it, the heavy oil must be purified in advance, and the purify process should be done in service station. The author devised the purified system for heavy oil according to the actual condition of locomotive, so that the measured up oil be added to locomotive. It must be insured that the viscosity before injection pump be proper for the sake of thehigh viscosity of heavy oil. The paper bring forward the scheme of calefaction to heavy oil by the cooling water of diesel engine according to the actual condition of locomotive, so that the viscosity be controlled. To burning the heavy oil in diesel locomotive, the injection unit must be adjusted, such as the clearance of piston, the spring character of unilateralism valve, the needle valve lift of injector and so on. At the same time, the parameter of injection, such as the injection advace angle, the injection time, should be adjusted according to the actual instance. The paper analyzed the method and cause of adjustment. In the end , the paper analyzed the variation of ignition delay period for heavy oil.