The Research On Automated Guided Vehicle

Nowadays, on the hand, with the development of urbanization and the popularization of automobiles, the environment of transportation becomes worse and worse. Traffic jams are commonly seen and accidents occur frequently. The problem of transportation has become a serious trouble concerned world-widely. On the other hand, high technology such as computer, electronics, image processing etc. develops rapidly. Based on these, a new cross-subject-IVS (Intelligent Vehicle System) thus arises. It combines various advanced technologies with automobile engineering and transportation work, aiming at reducing traffic accidents, improving efficiency of transportation and releasing the labor of the drivers. Intelligent vehicles can widely be used in not only highway transportation, but production automation, manufacturing, flexible production organization, tasks in dangerous environment and military field as well.Based the above thoughts, With many relative sources of Chinese and other foreign language, in this paper, the state-of-art of AGV is introduced comprehensively, the feature and types of AGV, the technical construction of AGV system are analyzed systematically, some key technology is emphasized. On the basis of economy, reliability and moderate flexibility, in the design of AGV, the successful results of our country and foreign countries are applied, the computer processor is used to control its moving actions, stepping-motors to drive it and vision system to guide it forward. Some technology is emphatically solved such as speed-changing control of stepping-motor, An economical and practical driver for 3-phase reaction stepper motor is designed in the paper, which is powered by low voltage when the stepper motor runs at low speed so that the low frequency vibration is lowered, and is powered by high voltage when running at high speed so that the high frequency torque of the motor is raised. The driving circuits adopt constant current chopping for the purpose of improving rotating torque and increasing working efficiency of the stepper motor. Several kinds of methods of speed regulation for stepper motor are presented in the paper, the positioning accuracy of the stepper motor is raised, the rotation of the motor becomes more smooth and the speed-rising and speed-falling of the motor are accelerated, a complete software flow chart of frequency-rising and frequency-falling is presented. Now the AGV can run along the pre-designated path.