| Variety in type, complexity in structure, being involved in material and geometrical nonlinear, and also many other influencing factors make ship hull girder's structural behaviour so complicated that it is too difficult to predict its ultimate strength. Up to now, The design codes for ships are based on elastic analysis, where buckling, yield or fatigue limits determine scantlings. This approach inherently implies an assumption that there exists an excessive ultimate strength capacity in the hull girder. It is safe for leptosomatic ship. However, superabundance of strength is a waste of material of which wouldn't be made the most, as well as a waste of ship's loading capability which will be reduced by excessive deadweight. On the other hand, a podgy ship, such as passenger ship, has a high and long superstructure with several decks. This kind of superstructure has low shear stiffness, reducing the effect of the upper decks in the longitudinal bending. In addition, the shear buckling reduces this shear stiffness and as a result, the shear lag effects become stronger. The loads at sea are caused by the forces of nature and are... |
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