The Study Of Survey Tecnology For High-grade Highway

The reconnaissance technology of high road is a multi-disciplinary crossing and osmotic integrative technology . In recent years, as China's highway construction sustained and rapid development, Highway Survey and the traditional technology is far from satisfying the needs of development. Total station technology, aerial survey technology and Global Position System (GPS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) as the representative of the modern high-tech investigation techniques have been successively occupied the highway investigation stage. become Highway Survey and Design department to practice the work of the main application technology.In this thesis, the basic theory and methods for the determination of geoid is introduced. Then the main error sources for the determination of geoid are analyzed and the error transmission formulas are given. Classifying topography into plain area, hill area, mountain area and high mountain area, contributions of terrain mass including direct effect and indirect effect to geoid refining in different areas are compared using some practical examples. Finally, taking a plain area and a hill area as examples, several geoid models are calculated using different data combinations. By comparing these models, the roles of distribution of GPS/leveling points, terrain data and gravity data in local geoid refining are investigated.Moreover, the reconnaissance technology of high road is developing quickly toward digitization,information, automation and intelligentize because of the upgrade of ground survey and information disposal technology.The main content of this paper are:(1) introducing the development actuality and the main content of domestic and overseas reconnaissance technology of high road briefly.(2) introducing the methods and technology characteristics of traditional road reconnaissance.(3) especially,studying the basic principles of total station technology, aerial survey technology , GPS technology, RS technology and GIS technology and the major functions , operation method, processes and technical characteristics.(4) pointing out the development direction of high road reconnaissance.The main trait of this paper :(1) studying and expatiating the method and process of modern high reconnaissance technology in high road reconnaissance combining the characteristic of its task.(2) pointing and Introducing some international advanced technology such as digital mapping technology,"3S"integration technology and moving mapping technology.