Research On The Dynamic Axle Load Of Wheel Loader

The wheel loader is one kind of significant technical equipment in the 2015 long-term plan which it is the foundation industry and the infrastructure construction serving for our country, it is widely used in the field of the foundation industry and infrastructure construction, and some other field to promote the development. The wheel loader can be used for shovel attire, transporting, unloading, smooth bulk material; digging mildly, and also can be used for wheeling the earth, rock or hard soil, lifting heavy objects, loading and unloading work and so on, if replaced the corresponding installment. Therefore, The wheel loader play an important role on speeding up the engineering construction, reducing the labor intensity, enhancing the project quality, reducing the cost of the project.With the development of human society and the technology, the security construction has always been mentioned. But the wheel loader's complex operating environment; the roads and places are always been changed; in addition to the road tilt, rugged and soft of the ground, and the complexity to manipulate, so it's easy caused the accident. The wheel loader's dynamic effect is impact on the operation smoothly and the safety. When the loader's axle is always changed, it's difficult for the operators to control and the operators will feel floating when wheel loader is turning. When encountered the rough road, tires will bounce off, the operators can not control instantly, and this will affect the loader's speed and safety of operations seriously. The load of the front bridge increase too much will increase the front wheels'load and the fever of the tire, this will makes the tire deformed seriously ,and the radius will decrease, rear-wheel skid, wear the tire, thus reduce tire's life. A good stability of the wheel loader, will not only ensure the driver's security, but also could not lower speed under the complex circumstances .Thereby increasing the productivity, reduce the accidents. The research of the stability caused by the dynamic axle load is an important issue affecting labor productivity and the safety.At present, the wheel loader market in our country, the center tonnage (2～6t) the wheeled wheel loader is variety, and approximately occupies 80% of the market,therefore in this article we take the most representative one ZL50 wheel loader as the object to research, and do the calculation and simulation on its dynamic axle load when it works or breaks, to find out some factors which can effect the axle's dynamic load, in order to improve the wheel loader's stability or redesign the wheel loader in the future.This article is divided into five chapter's altogether.Chapter1:Mainly elaborated the wheel loader's development condition and the stability in the domestic and international field, and briefly introduced the wheel loader's development trend, at the same time elaborated the significance and content of this article.Chapter2:Analysis the mechanics impact of the breaking force on the dynamic axle load. At First, we start the research from the moment of the touch of the tire and the road surface, and we know the dynamic axle load is caused by inertia. Second, we make the concept of the braking force on ground, the adhesion and the slip ratio. Analysis of the relationship between the ground braking force and brake's the braking force. Then we know the changes of the acceleration, got the conclusion that the axle's dynamic load is impacted by the acceleration. Analysis the affect of dynamic axle load by the place and the height of the focus position of the wheel loader, then we start from the redistribute of the bridge Holland while the wheel loader is braking,emphatically analyzed efficiency of braking force, then conclusion of how to distribute the bridge Holland rationally. At last we calculate the position of the comprehensive center when the loader take materials and at the largest unloading heights, at this time if it brakes, some parameters affect the dynamic axle load and the stability.Chapter3:First, a brief introduction the shoveling mothered of the loader, calculated the shoveling, inserting and the turning bucket resistance when the loader is work. Make a theoretical foundation for the subsequent analysis. Next analysis the stability of the loader when use various ways of spade. The loader axle's dynamic load caused by inertia, when it used the largest power to insert into piles, calculated the dynamic axle load when the loader turn the bucket and lift the bucket. Then calculate the dynamic axle load when the bucket is in the maximum distance, briefly introduced and calculated the dynamic axle load the of the when the bucket is insert into the pile cause the suspension of the front wheel, andanalysis the reasons of the suspension.Chapter4: At first we introduced loader's working cycle, then did the geometric analysis to the steering, and calculated the axle's dynamic load at this moment. Analysis the relationship between the steering angle with the dynamic axle load. Second analysis the dynamic axle load caused by the bumpy road, then analysis the over all space freedom of the loader, established the vibration mathematical equation of the loader ,then simplified it into horizontal equation equivalent and come up with the equivalent quality piece of the amplitude of the swing rod angles, and analyzes the factors affecting the dynamic load. Finally use AMEsim simulation software to build a system model, analyzed the tire damping and tire stiffness, changes the quality of the equivalent quality on impact of the axle's dynamic load.Chapter5:The conclusion of the full text.