Conceptual Research On Space To Ground Release Technologies For Spacecrafts

Space to ground release is one of the key techniques of future space confrontation. An in-depth study on strategies and the kinetic problems of space to ground release was carried out in this thesis. Some valuable conclusions were drawn and shown as follows.(1) Based on the task analysis of space to ground release, several release modes were put forward at the level of conceptual design. They were on-orbit launch, maneuver-after-separation, maneuver-before-separation and direct maneuver. On-orbit separation, on-orbit launch and orbit maneuver problems were analyzed. Thus, the basic strategies of space to ground release were formed.(2) The disturbance of on-orbit separation on the motion of space platform was analyzed. Restrictions of separation velocity were drawn, while general laws of the disturbance were educed.(3) Based on Hill's Equation and exclusion box, the collision risks of the platform and the separated spacecraft after separation were investigated, and a series of relative motion laws and corresponding collision avoidance conditions were raised.(4) A retriever-launch mode of tethered satellite was designed and analyzed, which provides a novel idea for on-orbit launch. Based on the kinetic model, the characteristics of the motion after launch were simulated.(5) According to the pinpoint attack requirement, the space to ground attack trajectory was briefly disgned, and the orbit maneuver qualifications which meet the landing missions were discussed. The oblateness influences were compensated by simulation and optimization.