| Cryostat providing a cryogenic environment for the serviced object,is a main equipment in many cryogenic experiments. Two cryostats with different structures for different experimental purposes are designed. The heat leaks of the cryostats are studied theoretically. The influence of liquid nitrogen level on the temperature of cold plate is analyzed. The temperature profiles of the cold plate of the cryostat used for cooling the CCD chips,and the temperature and stress of Ti: Sapphire crystal cooled by liquid nitrogen heat sink are studied numerically. The measured data of the cryostat performances are compared with the calculation results. As a conclusion, the problems which were found during the design and tests are summarized and some improvement advises on the design of the cryostats are also put forward.
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