Theoretic Analysis And Calculation Of Settlement Of The Toe-shooting Embankment

In this paper settlements of the embankment constructed by toe-shooting method in deep silt layer with a complex cross-section are first calculated and analyzed by use of the various traditional settlement calculation methods, and then computed with finite element methods. Based on the permeability theory of porous media the method that can effectively calculate the settlement of this embankment is finally presented. Through these works some conclusions can be conducted as following:1. The main purpose of explosion in toe-shooting method is that the silt is squeezed out to complete that the silt is replaced by stones, and the explosion has little effect on the intensity of silt layer.2. The stability of embankment can be improved greatly, because the stone is either the material of embankment or the foundation, and the intensity of silt can be enhanced quickly with the increasing depth.3. A engineering example is analyzed by the various traditional settlement calculation methods, finite difference method FLAC^3D and finite element method PLAXIS, and the computed values are compared with the observation. Results show that the traditional settlement calculation methods do not work well, because they are not adequate for such an embankment with a complex cross-section and deep depth in thick silt layer. But PLAXIS can meet the measured settlement data from a real embankment better than others because of Soft Soil Model.4. The embankment is a kind of "suspended" dam structure, the formula of settlement can be more effective analysis and calculate the deformation of such dams that based on the porous media penetration theory. The presented method has some use value.