Assembly And Performance Of Supercapacitors Based On PANI

Supercapacitors have gained great interest in recent years because of its high specific capacitance and power density. With the utilization going on, the specific capacitance fade away. Here, the supercapacitors were assembled and their performance were characterized.Electrode materials used for assembly supercapacitor mainly focus on three kinds which are carbon, metal oxide and conducting polymers. Among all these materials, conducting polymers offer the advantages of lower cost over noble metal oxide, and high capacitance over that of carbon. Polyaniline (PANI), an important conducting polymer, can be prepared by facile route at low cost. Further more, its high chemical stability, high conductivity and controllable morphology make it as an ideal electrode material for supercapacitor.PANI was deposited on Stainless-steel (SS) potentiostatically from electrolyte containing 0.10 M aniline monomer. Cyclic voltammertry (CV) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were used to characterize the performance of supercapacitors. The experimental results clearly show that the deposition charge has significant effect on specific capacitance which is get higher under the condition of deposition charge lower than 3.2 C/cm² and then get lower. PANI doped with H₂SO₄ yielded a highest specific capacitance at a scanning rate of 50 mV/s while the PANI doped with p-TSA obtained highest specific capacitance at 200 mV/s. When the upper potential is higher than 0.55 V, the stability of the capacitors get worse which is resulted from the oxidation degradation of PANI. Electrolyte played an important role for the performance of supercapatiors. For H₂SO₄ media, the specific capacitance and its fade away rate got higher with the increase of H₂SO₄ concentration. When KBr or HClO4 was added in H₂SO₄ media, the performance of supercapacitors was improved. Supercapacitors exhabited the best stability in p-TSA while worst in H₂SO₄ for three investigated electrolyte: p-TSA, HClO₄ and H₂SO₄. Generally, PANI doped with p-TSA exhabited better capacitance performance than that of doped with H₂SO₄.