Applications Of Adaptive Optical Technology In Medical Ophthalmic Detection

Adaptive optical technology has been improved with the development of large-scale laser engineering and optical system. Adaptive optical technology is used from military, scientific research to civil domain.Human eye retinal is body-tissue with complex structure, the ocular fundus change can reflect fundus diseases and other human diseases (for example: Diabetes Mellitus).Adaptive optical technology has the ability in real-time adjustment of dynamic wave-front aberration, correct the wave aberrations of the human eye and accomplish the observation of the eye high resolution which is chose to diffraction limit. From the high definition retina imaging, we can diagnose the blind disease early which seriously affect the human eye vision , help the doctor and patient treat timely and decrease the danger of the human eye's blindness.In this thesis, applications of adaptive optical technology in medical ophthalmic detection is researched, the main contents are as following:(1) Summarized the applications of adaptive optical technology in five fields including space exploring, space laser communication, star-ground telescope, nuclear equipment and high-power laser weapon. In this thesis, we researched the applications of adaptive optical technology in retina detection and human eye vision testing.(2) Introduced the concept of the human eye aberrations, analyzed the relationship between geometric aberration and wave-front aberration of the human eye, and researched the optics factors of influencing the eye visual quality. We respectively measured eight normal eyes'zero vision field wave-front aberration with the Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor, and got the frontal 35 items Zernike coefficients. The optical design software Zemax is used to construct the individual eye models for eight normal eyes. The individual eye model, which is optimized from actual wave-front aberrations measurement data, cornea parameter data and eye's axial lengths data, has the same optical characteristics with the actual eye. The variation trend of offaxis aberrations at temporal angles of vision (0°,10°,20°,30°,40°,50°) with the field of view is analyzed based on individual eye model. The peripheral optical quality is poorer than the central quality and the oblique astigmatism and coma are the chief factors. With the increased angles of vision, the human eye aberration is increasing gradually, but the fourth order do not show an obvious variation. The influence of aberrations at wide of view on the optical system of human eyes is adapted from the lower wave-front aberration. The aberrations at wide field of view calculated from the individual eye model are in good agreement with those measured with a Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor.(3) Studied on the principle of adaptive optical imaging system for the retina detection. Introduced the principle of Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor, and analyzed the main factors of influencing Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor measurement accuracy. Introduced several novel deformable mirrors which are applied into adaptive optics system , the principle of deformable mirrors and the correction principle of the human eye aberrations. Researched the relationship between retina imaging and fundus disease.(4) Studied on optical principle of objective refractometer. Based on the principle of the adaptive optical technology, we designed the optical structure of objective refractometer. We measured myopic, hyperopic, astigmatic and presbyopic parameters, which are based on CCD measurement technology. Researched the light source of objective refractometer , In this paper, the characteristic of the scattering facula and reason causing the scattering facula in laser light source refractometer are analyzed and designing principle of LED light source is introduced, Finally, we put forward the infrared LED as the source of objective refractometer.