Research On The Multi-Objective Optimization Model Of Empty Railcar Distribution

Empty car distribution is a big issue and a common puzzle that attracts more and more attention in the railway industry and research department. In America, the percent of empty of total car kilometers is up to 45%. In our country, there are approximately 500,000 freight cars, and the average ratio of empty car kilometers to loaded car kilometers is about 30%, and the max ratio even perhaps 60%. Obviously, empty car distribution plays an important role in the efficiency of railcar utilization, the degree of meeting freight demand, and the modernization of railway operation. Because of the complicated influence of many factors, empty car distribution tends to be so complex that it needs to be studied further in theory and practice.This paper studies on the optimizing model of empty car distribution, plentifully uses the former results for reference, combines qualitative analysis with quantitative computing, integrates theoretic such as operational research, optimization and computer simulation, etc. The chief contents include:Firstly, after analyzing the sources of empty car, the causes and characteristics of empty car distribution, it point out the core problem of empty car distribution, and combined with the principles and methods of empty car distribution, collecting the basic information of empty car distribution, conclude the basic mode of operation and procedures of empty car distribution, which provides a theoretical base to the research on empty car distribution optimization model.Secondly, this paper emphatically analyzes empty car distribution single objective optimization problem, which include single-type of empty car distribution optimization model and multi-types of empty car distribution optimization model, it point out the deficiencies and limitations of the single objective optimization model. Comprehensive consideration on a variety of factors of empty car distribution, the relative running cost, substitution cost of car type and storage cost are brought into the multi-objective system together, constructs railway empty car distribution multi-objective optimization model with substitution of empty car types, and based on this model, aiming at restriction of passing capacity, and then empty car distribution multi-objective optimization model with restriction of passing capacity is established, which makes the empty car distribution better applicable with the actual situation of railway transportation.Finally, this paper introduce objective coordination optimization method, and combined with LINGO has superiority in solving the empty car distribution optimization model, it designs a calculation example at the background of the Nanning Railway Bureau simplify railway network, the application of the two car distribution empty multi-objective optimization model in this paper of simulation analysis, it prove that the models are feasible and practical by the practical calculation example.