Study On Impact Of Light Pollution At Sea Upon Ships Collision Avoidance At Night

With the improvement of urbanization and extensive utilization of torch fishing, the urban outdoor lighting of coastal cities and fishing lights give an unnegligible effect to identifiability of signal lights and visual ergonomics of navigators. In this paper, with the deck officers and pilots as the study subjects, a widespread research was carried out on the impact of "light pollution at sea" on night navigation.First, this paper analyses the reasons to light pollution at sea, resulting in several forms of impact on ships collision avoidance, including human visual ergonomics and identifiability of navigational signal lights, also the factors affecting navigation safety at night and distribution areas of light pollution at sea, and compiles the first draft questionnaire and then distributed to relevant experts and professional insider to pre-test the questionnaire. Based on the data received, the researcher checked out the reliability and validity of the questionnaire and finally formed a final draft questionnaire.Then, statistic and analysis for the data from the final questionnaires was carried out. By Cronbach Alpha and factor analysis, the questionnaire reflects high reliability and validity. Correlation analysis is conducted to check out the correlation of human visual ergonomics and identifiability of navigational signal lights with navigation safety. Through the linear regression method, this paper gets the regression equation whose dependent variable is ship navigation safety evaluation and independent variables are evaluation of human visual ergonomics and identifiability of navigational signal lights.Thirdly, the ANOVA and mean analysis indicate that variables of navigators' positions and ages don't make a big difference to ship navigation safety evaluation, which indicates respondents are likely to identity the impact of "light pollution at sea" on night navigation.Finally, this paper discusses the occurrence frequency and distribution area of light pollution at sea, providing reference for ships likely to sail around these waters and further research.This paper carried out some groundwork for the subject of light pollution at sea, in hope to provide some help for reason analysis and confirmation of responsibility in collision accidents and, if possible, to provide some reference for canonical exposition of International Regulations For Preventing Collisions At Sea.