The Study Of Crash-Resistant Structure For High-Speed Trains

The crash accident of trains will not only cause the vehicle structure to damage, but also seriously threaten the safety of passengers.Therefore, the vehicles'passive safety has been paid more and more attention all over the world.To research on vehicles crashworthiness and design some energy-absorbing structures can significantly reduce the damage caused by track vehicle crashes and effectively protect the passengers at the same time. Based on the concept of the passive design, in this paper, taking a certain high speed railway carbody for research, its crashworthiness will be studtied by means of the numerical simulation techniques.First of all, the main arithmetics and some pre-processing and reprocessing softwares used in the railway vehicle collision simulation are simply introduced which contains the basic mechanical equation, the Lagrangian approach, the spatial finite element theory, the explicit integration algorithm, the nonlinearity of materials and contacts and so on.In the next place, the theory and evaluating indicator of the energy absorption components in several deformation patterns are simply declarated. Based on the research of their deformation patterns, a new type of basic energy absorbing component maded by rolling circular pipes is put forward and futher its energy absorption performance is studied and compared with the normal straight pipes', which can provides references for the design of basic energy absorbing components for high speed vehicles.Finally, a collision simulation model is established and the simulation conditions are also confirmed according to relevant norms like EN15227:2008. During the modeling process, in order to control the solution scale and to shorten the computing time, the structures of the region having no large deformation are reasonably simplified and some small components which haves no works on the collision simulation results are abandoned; to provide datas for the acceleration evaluation, the main equipments mounted on the carbody are modeled detailedly to get their accelerion datas; to precisely analyze the drivers'response when a collision accident happened, a dummy is added into the simulation modle and its response is analyzed too. Judging from the results of the structure analysis, under several collision conditions, the deformation of the carbody is acceptale and there is no over-riding phenomenon occurred, which can meet the basic needs of norms but still have some paitial parts to be improved through the modification approach proposed in this paper according to the simulation results. The accelerations of both the dummy's head and chest exceed the human body limit which means the driver is already been hurt and cannot meet the norms. So, the suggestion is maded that equipments similar to safe belt and airbags mounted on automobiles or some kind of soft cushion should be equipped on high speed trains to ensure the drivers' safety.