| At present ,estuary water area which was mainly used to ship and build dam to prevent disaster is important development area which promote man and nature harmony,coordinated development。To achieve the purpose which develop estuary water area's economy and environment coor'dinately。We should solve problems about mixture of saline water and freshwater,power plant's warm wastewater,adsorption and release of pollutants and other problems about project and environment etc. in the process of opening up or developing estuary water area。The study about the hydraulic characteristics of estuary water area is the basis of solving above-mentioned problems。Therefore,the hydraulic characteristics of estuary water area and effect factors of the hydraulic characteristics has important academic significance and practical value。Estuary water area has tortuous shoreline,complex terrain,and flow of estuary water area is effected by volume of river runoff,power of tide,change of depth,density current,wind/wave and Other dynamic factors。Therefore,the hydraulic characteristics of estuary water area is more complex than general water area。Simulation of flow of estuary water area and forecast of tide movement by way of using physical model test is important method of study about the hydraulic characteristics of estuary water area and solving relational engineering technology problems。This article has studied flow phenomenon of estuary water area ,analyzed hydraulic characteristics and tidal range,volume of river runoff,change of depth's impact on the water flow of estuary water area,revealed hydraulic characteristics and variation of estuary water area in different conditions by using systematic physical model tests on basis of generalizing formal semidiurnal tidal and river runoff etc.。Main contents and conclusions are:1.By searching large literatures , author has comprehensive understanding about tidal simulation methods of estuary water area physical model test,means of flow volume control,measurement and collection technology of velocity etc. and has further explored the current flow characteristic of estuary water area and effect factors of the hydraulic characteristics on the basis of previous studies。On the basis of systematical analysis about related theory on hydraulic characteristics model test of estuary water area and related knowledge of estuary water area,in connection with this article's experimental purposes and study content , combining experience and test site conditions, testing persons have designed and made test's fixed-bed model,control system of upstream and downstream water boundary,and have identified related parameter of upstream and downstream water boundary。2.Complete 60 group tests。In these tests,the kinds of volume of river runoff are 0L/S,1L/S,2L/S,3L/S 4L/S, the kinds of tide are 2.7cm,3.6cm,4.5cm, the kinds of depth are 10cm,13cm,16cm,19cm。Measure velocity of measuring point in model。3. According to velocity data of test,draw variation map of flow velocity over time and variation map of rising(lowing) tide average flow velocity,variation map of rising(lowing) tide maximum velocity,variation map of stagnation point appear time,variation map of dominance over tidal range,volume of river runoff,depth's range。4. According to velocity data of every measuring point and distribution map of stagnation point appear time,dominance and measuring point velocity , have analyzed the velocity distribution characteristics of flow in estuary water area,scope of tide effect,and tide,volume of river runoff,depth's influence on flow velocity,stagnation point appear time,dominance。5. The results of analysis reveal : volume of river runoff has impact on the velocity of flow in estuary water area,the influence extent of tidal,stagnation point appear time and dominance; tide changing has impact on the velocity of flow in estuary water area,the influence extent of tidal; depth of water has less impact on stagnation point appear time,the influence extent of tidal and dominance in estuary water area。...
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