| Chinese and western landscape both fall into oriental landscape, which takes a special phase in world landscape history. Due to the difference between geography, ideology and social system, they differ in expression and ideas. The most traditional courtyard is of no exception.Chinese gardening, which is influenced by myth, legend, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, forms its own style. Whereas, Japan, once was a student of China, finds certain similarity in customs and ideas. However, Japanese gardening creates its own style through selecting and recreating Chinese culture.This paper employs stone as its object, which takes a significant role in Chinese and Japanese landscape, especially in courtyard. It is said a courtyard is none without a stone, and lots of traditional courtyard focuses on stone. Chinese and Japanese gardening, impacted by stone culture, demonstrate different courtyard stone art under different natural environment, customs, and social ideas. The research and analyses on courtyard stone culture can be a great help to understanding of Chinese and Japanese courtyard design, space location, and the whole courtyard beauty.Seen from whether the angle of function or art, The Chinese courtyard stone develops to its perfection. The stone underwent a long process from stone worship, stone culture to stone rockwork, during which lots of masterpieces appeared. When probing into these masterpieces, it can be understood the process of Chinese courtyard and even gardening culture. The stone served as an honest witness.This paper made a comparison between Chinese and Japanese stone cultural development and traditional courtyard stone art creation, discussed their different expression in all ages, art connotation, and their philosophical ideology in their featuring position, depicted their different function, and the relevance with natural, social cultural background. It would be of great assistance to the following design.
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