| To explore the successful factors influenced captive alpine musk deer breeding. From 2013 to 2014, records and observes the acts of captive alpine musk deer during estrus by the methods of focal sampling and continuous recording on the alpine musk deer farm that locates in Xinglong mountain national nature reserve in Gansu province (effective act sampling time is 145 hours), which is analyzed with the combination of the physiological condition of the individual, previous years’breeding recording, ambient heterogeneity, community conditions and other factors, then discusses the impact of various factors on the breeding performance of alpine musk deer. The result shows as blow:1. In 2014, the female alpine musk deer’s earliest delivery occurred on May 9th while the latest delivery occurred on August 27th. The alpine musk deer’s delivery time mainly focuses on the beginning of June to mid-July. The delivery peak time was in mid-to-end of June.2. In the old and new field area of Xinglong mountain alpine musk deer farm in 2014, the single sample K-S tests were conducted to behavior diversity y of female alpine musk deer involved breeding in the breeding season (One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test), as a result, y was non-normality distribution (Z=2.267, P=0.000), and is significantly analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U in 2-Independent Samples. The results show that the successful female alpine musk deer breeding behavior diversity y equals to 0.436±0.122 (N=256), which is more than the failure one (equals to 0.390±0.119 (N=378)), and the difference was significant (Z=-3.064,P=0.001).3. Compared successful breeding of female alpine musk deer with the failure, its behavior diversity was significantly different so that if breeding will be implemented or not is included as a third factor, and compares the frequency of each breeding behavior. The successful breeding female alpine musk deer, during the breeding season, of which RUB expression frequency was significant (P=0.021). The borderline of mobile (MO) expression frequency was significant (P=0.073) and the expression of affinity (AI) and confliction (DEF) tends to decrease, while the expression frequency of ingestion (IN) behavior tends to increase.4. In 2014, the single sample K-S tests (One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test) were conducted to the behavior diversity y of the male alpine musk deer involved breeding in breeding season on Xinglong mountain alpine musk deer farm, as a consequence, y was a non-normality distribution (Z=2.230, P=0.001), and is significantly analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U in 2-Independent Samples. The results show that the successful male alpine musk deer breeding behavior diversity y equals to 0.407±0.121 (N=189), which is more than that of failure (equals to 0.390±0.104 (N=324)), and the difference was significant (Z=-3.153, P=0.003).5. During the breeding season, the repose time of successful breeding male alpine musk deer (40.02± 13.28s) is less than that of failure (79.77±28.45s), the difference was significant (P=0.038<0.05). The movement duration of breeding male successful behavior (36.28±17.55s) is less than that of failure (68.43±12.56s), and the difference was not significant (P=0.745>0.05). Also, successful breeding male feeding duration (29.37±13.51s) is less than that of failure (39.89±13.23s), the difference was not significant (P=0.786>0.05). The rubbing tail duration of successful male breeding (7.74±3.96s) was significantly more (P=0.024<0.05) than that of failure (2.65±2.21s). The excreta mark duration is similar with each other. The exploration time of successful breeding male in breeding environment is (14.23±2.86s) less than that of failure (25.78±0.54s), the difference was not significant (P=0.276>0.05). The negative tail time of male successful breeding is more (0.54±0.11s) than that of failure (0.09±0.12s), as a result, there has no significant difference (P=0.298>0.05). The affinitive behavior time of successful breeding male (0.87±0.51s) is more than that of failure (0.03±0.01s), so there has no significant difference (P=0.876>0.05). The attacking behavior of successful breeding male (15.34±3.28s) was significantly more than that of failure (4.96±1.02s) (P=0.039<0.05), and the difference was significant.
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