| Soil erosion has been considered as one of the three major disasters affected the development of human existence and living environment. Every year thousands of people became homeless or suffered from varying degrees of loss because of soil erosion. China has become one of the most serious soil erosion in the world, which brought a lot of calamities to national economy and people’s lives. Therefore, it was of important practical significance for the remote sensing monitoring of soil erosion.Xian’an County of Xianning City, is one of the serious soil erosion areas in Hubei Province, and the pivotal soil erosion control area in Mufu Mountain, where soil erosion phenomena occurs frequently. The research contents of this thesis select Xian’an County as study object, collect the data of rainfall, soil distribution, land usage situation, vegetation coverage condition, landform characteristics, the prevention & control of soil erosion, and other related information in this area; combining with RS and GIS technology, using revised common soil erosion equation, spatial analysis and other methods, construct evaluation index system, and obtain quantitative assessment of soil erosion amount and intensity levels in 2010 and 2014, determine the distribution of soil erosion intensity and explore soil erosion distribution and trends which uses exploratory spatial analysis. Finally, according to obtained experimental data and the results of field surveys, this research draws the following conclusions.(1) By combining the RUSLE model with GIS, RS technology, complete processes and methods from space data collection to soil erosion analysis are established, which can achieve quantitative evaluation of soil erosion in the study area, and improve the speed and accuracy for regional soil erosion amount evaluation. This method can provide some reference to soil erosion investigation and research in Xian’an County and the south of Hubei Province.(2) Through comparing the comprehensive soil erosion GIS and RS technology and the study of only using GIS method in soil erosion research, although many experts and scholars study and correct C factor in different regions and land use types, which with strong subjectivity, it shows significant difference on numerical calculation and spatial distribution when applied in practice. In the case of research materials and technical well prepared, integrated GIS and RS techniques and methods make the result more reliable.(3) By comprehensive GIS and RS technology, the soil erosion in 2010 and 2014 was calculated and then graded. Studies found that soil erosion status is improved, the light erosion area and ratio increased, other 5 degrees of soil erosion area and ratio decreased during 2010 and 2014 in Xian’an County.(4) Based on the study of soil erosion in 2010 and 2014, an area of 500m* 500m is selected to conduct self-correction study for Xian’an soil erosion distribution status. The study gives further verification that during the 2010-2014, moderate and above soil erosion happens less often in Xian’an district,, although the overall status shows positive trend, part of eastern region show more serious soil erosion.In view of present soil erosion situation in Xian’an County, combined with new improvement and method that made in soil and water conservation work in different regions, new measures on soil erosion control, which is suitable for Xian’an region and Hubei southern low mountain hilly area, is presented. Special attention should be paid to prevent the area that have been disposed from second erosion,and prevent the water and soil well reserved area from getting worse. |
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