Study On Genetic Diversity And Population Genetic Structure Of Pleurotus Citrinopileatus In China Based On Microsatellite Markers

Pomacea spp. (Ampullariidae) are freshwater snails distributed naturally to South America but have become serious pests causing great damage to agricultural plants and macrophytes in wetlands. One of them, Pomacea canaliculata, has been classified as one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and one of the 16 invasive species in China by the State Environmental Protection Administration of China.Management strategies to control an invasive species can be improved through the knowledge of the reproductive behaviour, dispersal mode and population structure. Molecular marker is a useful method for studying invasive species by analysing their ecological genetics and the mechanism of population outbreak and expansion. Therefore, it is significant to develop or look for suitable molecular markers of Pomacea spp. in order to estimate their genetic diversity, clarify their population structure and analyse their population dynamics. It can help us to formulate effective management policy of apple snails by revealing their invasion mechanisms at molecular level.This study reported the isolation and characterization of twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci in the invasive golden apple snail P. canaliculata. Twelve polymorphic loci were isolated from an enriched library constructed for GA and GACA repeats. Microsatellite polymorphism was assessed using 24 individuals from Shaoguan city, which located in the south of China. For twelve polymorphic loci, the number of alleles ranged from four to eleven. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.500 to 0.792 and 0.529 to 0.866 respectively. Only one locus showed deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium according to the adjusted significance threshold, possibly due to null alleles, and no linkage disequilibrium was found for any pair of these markers. These microsatellite loci will be valuable tools for population genetic studies of this species.Six polymorphism microsatellite loci were used to analyzed genetic variation in Pomacea spp. from the mainland China (41 sampling locations of 10 provinces). Compared with other mollusk invasive species, the genetic diversity of introduced snail populations in mainland China was at a high level (NA=2.67-7.67, Ho= 0.231-0.733, He= 0.313-0.766). Bayesian clustering analysis showed that 41 sampling locations can be divided into two genetic clusters. Bayesian clustering analysis and Factorial Correspondence Analysis revealed obvious genetic distinction between sampling sites. Moreover, FST values range from 0.001 to 0.582 which showed significant genetic differentiation between most of the sampling locations. Most of the sampling locations were not detected recent bottleneck. These results indicated that multiple introductions and human activities both contributed to the invasion success of apple snails in mainland China.