| The grassland vegetation characteristics and the influence of utilization intensity of grassland vegetation on water and soil loss were studied in the desert steppe in Saihantala , Sunite You Banner , Xilinguole League ,Inner Mongolia from May to October 2001.The purpose was to obtain the relationship between the utilization of vegetation and water and soil loss. The results showed that:(1) Plant growth were decided by biological characteristics of plants, but closely correlated to environment conditions. Different plants have different growing rate. The variation of biomass of plant community presented the model of double peak. The maximum peak of biomass appeared in September. The biomass was very low during the growing season in 2001, the maximum biomass was only 30.01g/m2. The proper height of plant community(>8cm) appeared in August.(2) The regeneration of plant were also decided by biological characteristics and environment conditions. A.mongolicum begel can regenerate 3 times. S. klemenzii can regenerate 2.5 times. S. diraricate can regenerate 1 time. The rest have no regeneration ability.(3) Environment conditions restricted the utilization of the grassland. Moisture content was the main restrictive factor.(4) Water and soil loss in desert steppe were very serious. In addition to vegetation condition, water erosion was also affected by precipitation, rainfall intensity, soil and slope, but the former was more important.(5) The rate of water flowing accelerated when the precipitation increased as well as the utilization intensity of vegetation increased. Compared with heavy utilization plot, the rate of water permeating in control plot were faster at the beginning, then decreased, which showed that the vegetation was benefit to keep the water.(6) Ecological conditions of the desert steppe was extremely bad. The rational utilization to desert steppe and preventing the deterioration of the grassland were very important, which were the main step to conserve the water and soil.
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